Cultivar and insecticide spraying time effects on cowpea insect pests and grain yield in northern Ghana

Kusi, Francis; Nboyine, Jerry Asalma; Abudulai, Mumuni; Seidu, Ahmed; Agyare, Y.R.; Sugri, Issah; Zakaria, M.; Owusu, Robert K. A; Nutsugah, S. K.; Asamoah, L.

doi:10.1016/j.aoas.2019.03.001

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The findings by [42] revealed that when compared to control, Dimethoate 30 EC @ 300 g a.i./ha was most effective at managing cowpea aphid. Similarly, a study by [22] revealed that thrips were considerably checked in plots treated with Dimethoate three times at bud initiation, 50% flowering, and 50% podding. Although some pests, especially the fruit fly species Bactrocera oleae, have been detected to be resistant to Dimethoate [43], this insecticide remains very effective against cowpea pests, with no cases of resistance reported so far [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Among the pod-sucking bugs, the spiny brown bug (Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal: Hemiptera: Coreidae) is the most notorious with the Riptortus dentipes Fabricius bugs (Hemiptera: Aldidae) and green stink bugs (Nezara viridula Linnaeus: Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) only occurring sporadically in cowpea fields [2]. These pests have also been identified as the most problematic in other parts of Africa growing cowpeas [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency of Botanical and Chemical Pesticides on the Control of Field Insect Pests under Cowpea Production

Ssengo,

Zebosi,

Karungi

2024

AJPS

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The pulse cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] holds a significant agricultural position in Uganda, ranking fourth among legume crops, following common beans, groundnuts, and soybeans. Known for its versatility, cowpeas are consumable at various developmental stages, from early seedling to maturity. However, the crop faces persistent pest challenges at each stage, leading to substantial yield losses. In Uganda, chemical insecticides are the primary pest control means, but their increased and excessive use raises environmental, health, and economic concerns. This has prompted a quest for alternative and sustainable solutions, prompting an exploration of botanical insecticides. This study, conducted at Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute (MUARIK), aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three selected botanical insecticides versus four established chemical insecticides for managing cowpea insect pests under field conditions. The treatments included: Carbofuran, Cypermethrin 10% EC, Dimethoate, Pestwin, Pyrethrum ewc+, Pyrethrum 5ew, Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 4% EC mix, and Untreated, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The significant pests studied were aphids, thrips, pod-sucking bugs, and legume pod borer. Results indicated substantial impacts of the treatments on pest infestation, with Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 4% EC being the most effective against most pests. The plant parameter, plant height, was significantly affected by treatments in 2016B, while the number of pods was impacted in 2017A. Pestwin, a botanical insecticide blend (containing Azadirachtin indica, Pongamia pinnata, and Ricinus communis extracts) demonstrated superior efficacy against cowpea aphids. Moreover, it positively influenced plant height, number of pods, and pod biomass, surpassing many chemical

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Botanical and Chemical Pesticides on the Control of Field Insect Pests under Cowpea Production

Ssengo,

Zebosi,

Karungi

2024

AJPS

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“…Piper guineense and Moringa oleifera leaf and seed powders have significant bioactivity against Trogoderma granarium [49] . The insecticidal activity of botanical preparations in the management of insect pests of okra and cowpea have also been documented [58,59,60] . Important effects of various native plant materials in storage containers against S. oryzae, R. dominica, and T. castenium have been reported [61] .…”

Section: Ethnobotanical Plants With Insecticidal Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

South Asian J. Agric. Sci.

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Agriculturists in low-income nations, particularly subsistence farmers, frequently use botanical insecticides. The soaring cost and scarcity of commercial insecticides frequently promote the use of them. The identification of botanicals with insecticidal abilities is typically from folklore. Several scientific investigations have been done over the years to ascertain the effectiveness and safety of various botanical principles. Consistent reviews of these investigations are needed to update knowledge and to develop a theoretical foundation for further studies. Thus, the effectiveness of evaluated botanicals as insecticides against acarids and insect pests in agriculture is the primary focus of this article.

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“…Thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom and aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch are among the most damaging insect pests of cowpea in Africa (Kusi et al 2019 ). SNP-based mapping of QTLs for thrips resistance identified major QTLs such as Fthp28 , Fthp87, and Fthp129 on chromosomes 2, 4, and 6 accounting for 24.5%, 12.2%, and 6.5% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively.…”

Section: Insect Resistance Qtls Identified In Major Field Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms, genetic mapping, and genome editing for insect pest resistance in field crops

et al. 2022

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Key message Improving crop resistance against insect pests is crucial for ensuring future food security. Integrating genomics with modern breeding methods holds enormous potential in dissecting the genetic architecture of this complex trait and accelerating crop improvement. Abstract Insect resistance in crops has been a major research objective in several crop improvement programs. However, the use of conventional breeding methods to develop high-yielding cultivars with sustainable and durable insect pest resistance has been largely unsuccessful. The use of molecular markers for identification and deployment of insect resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can fastrack traditional breeding methods. Till date, several QTLs for insect pest resistance have been identified in field-grown crops, and a few of them have been cloned by positional cloning approaches. Genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, are paving the way to tailor insect pest resistance loci for designing crops for the future. Here, we provide an overview of diverse defense mechanisms exerted by plants in response to insect pest attack, and review recent advances in genomics research and genetic improvements for insect pest resistance in major field crops. Finally, we discuss the scope for genomic breeding strategies to develop more durable insect pest resistant crops.

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Cultivar and insecticide spraying time effects on cowpea insect pests and grain yield in northern Ghana

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Efficiency of Botanical and Chemical Pesticides on the Control of Field Insect Pests under Cowpea Production

Efficiency of Botanical and Chemical Pesticides on the Control of Field Insect Pests under Cowpea Production

Untitled

Molecular mechanisms, genetic mapping, and genome editing for insect pest resistance in field crops

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