Cultivation of a Novel Type of Common-cold Virus in Organ Cultures

Tyrrell, D. A. J.; Bynoe, M. L.

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5448.1467

Cited by 536 publications

(418 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…During the last decade a number of viruses have been isolated from cases of human upper respiratory infection which, though ether-labile, and probably containing RNA, were serologically unrelated to any known human respiratory pathogens (Tyrrell & Bynoe, 1965;Hamre & Procknow, 1966;McIntosh et al 1967a;Tyrrell, Bynoe & Hoorn, 1968;Kapikian et al 1969). It has been shown since that many of these newly isolated strains have the same characteristic morphology as that of the virus of avian infectious bronchitis (McIntosh et al 1967 a;Tyrell, 1967;Almeida & Tyrrell, 1967) and they have been classified together with murine hepatitis (Almeida & Tyrrell, 1967) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (Tajima, 1970) as coronaviruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers

Bradburne

Somerset

1972

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYSix coronaviruses isolated in the U.S.A. have been inoculated into volunteers and all produced colds. Between 10 and 20 % of infected volunteers developed heterologous antibody responses after these and other experimental infections with coronaviruses. The haemagglutination-inhibition test with the OC43 virus strain was found to detect antibody rises after infection with a variety of strains.Studies on normal adult sera taken between 1965 and 1970 revealed a high frequency of neutralizing antibody to one strain (229E) and a frequency of HI antibody to strain OC43 which fluctuated from year to year. Complement-fixing antibodies to these two viruses were also found, revealing an apparent increase in the activity of coronaviruses in the general population of the U.K., during the winter of 1968-9.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers

Bradburne

Somerset

1972

J. Hyg.

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“…This system provides a convenient method for determining the properties of some viruses which can only be cultivated with difficulty in monolayer cell cultures (Tyrrell & Bynoe, 1965;Almeida & Tyrrell, 1967). We previously established that rubella virus could be propagated in embryonic organ cultures derived from the upper respiratory tract (Best, Banatvala & Moore, 1968) and showed that virus could be detected electron microscopically in ultra-thin sections prepared from these cultures (Kistler, Best, Banatvala & T6ndury, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further studies on the growth of rubella virus in human embryonic organ cultures: preliminary observations on interferon production in these cultures

Best

Banatvala

Smith

1971

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYOrgan cultures prepared from 15 different organs obtained from 43 fetuses were consistently found to support the growth of rubella virus, irrespective of the gestational age of the fetus or the strain of rubella virus inoculated. Although rubella virus replicated in fetal lenses, adult lenses did not support the growth of rubella virus. Organs obtained from four fetuses between 8 and 17 weeks gestational age produced similar titres of an inhibitor which had the characteristics of interferon. The use of Trowell T8 medium and incubation in a mixture of 5 % CO2 in oxygen provided the most suitable conditions for the maintenance of most organ cultures. Under these circumstances it was possible to obtain adequate histological preparations from these organs, but light microscopy studies revealed no significant differences in sections of rubella inoculated and control organ cultures.

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“…When conditions were satisfactory, a cytopathic effect appeared and could be used to detect the presence of virus. We also followed the very simple idea that respiratory viruses ought to grow in normal respiratory epithelium, and found that human foetal tracheal or nasal cells in suitable organ cultures would grow not only all the respiratory viruses known at the time (Hoorn & Tyrrell, 1965) but also further rhinoviruses and organisms which had not been recognized before (Tyrrell & Bynoe, 1965) namely coronaviruses, though one type of these (229E) was independently discovered in the U.S.A. (Hamre & Procknow, 1966).…”

Section: A Research Strategy Illustratedmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cultivation of a Novel Type of Common-cold Virus in Organ Cultures

Cited by 536 publications

References 6 publications

Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers

Coronavirus antibody titres in sera of healthy adults and experimentally infected volunteers

Further studies on the growth of rubella virus in human embryonic organ cultures: preliminary observations on interferon production in these cultures

The Common Cold -- My Favourite Infection: The Eighteenth Marjory Stephenson Memorial Lecture

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