Cultivation of plants of potato in vitro at microclonal reproduction

Abstract

The purpose. To determine optimum root formation in crop in vitrо of mediumearly cultivars of potato Nevskaya depending on acidity of nutrient medium(pH), intensity of illumination and photoperiod for increaseof production of the initial improved planting stock. Methods. Complex use of laboratory, mathematical and statistical, calculation-comparative methods and system analysis. Results. Experimental data concerning influence of acidity of nutrient medium (pH), intensity of illumination and photoperiod on induction of root formation are brought at microclonal reproduction of the improved initial material. It is fixed that рН of nutrient medium influences intensity of root formation. Conclusions. The maximum productivity indexes and economic efficiency of plants in vitro of medium-early cultivar Nevskaya are gained at рН=5,3, photoperiod of 16 h and illumination of 2500 l. Intensity of root formation made 92,7%, mass of average microtuber -667,7 mg, mass of microtubers for 1 plant -617,3 mg, amount of microtubers in mass more than 350 mg -79,1% at profitableness of production of 117 %, cost prices 7,37 hrn/microtuber, conditional net profit -8,63 hrn/microtuber. Key words: root formation, amount of interstitial sites, height of plants, acidity of nutrient medium, photoperiod, intensity of illumination, mass of microtubers.The necessary basis for the development of the technology for obtaining microand minibools is the knowledge of the mechanism of tuber formation as a physiological and biochemical process and its methods of regulation. It is established that tuber formation in a plant is induced by a system of factors, :excess of assimilants, hormonal state of the plant, photoperiod, temperature decrease, nitrogen deficiency, change of tragacanth centers due to the damping of the activity of the apical meristem of the stalk in the direction of soboles and tubers, ontogenetic state of the plant [1 , 2]