Culturable Surface and Endophytic Bacterial Flora of the Maturing Seeds of Rice Plants (Oryza sativa) Cultivated in a Paddy Field

Mano, Hironobu; Tanaka, Fumiko; Watanabe, Asuka; Kaga, Hiroko; Okunishi, Suguru; Morisaki, Hisao

doi:10.1264/jsme2.21.86

Cited by 150 publications

(146 citation statements)

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“…In both plant varieties in all three substrates, a select group of seed transmitted bacteria appear to dominate the rhizosphere despite competition from soil microbes and must be well adapted to both transmission through the seed and life in the rhizosphere. These OTUs were mostly Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria; members of which have been previously isolated or observed as endophytes or epiphytes from a variety of plant seeds (Adams and Kloepper 2002;Ferreira et al 2008;Kaga et al 2009;Mano et al 2006;Mundt and Hinkle 1976;Truyens et al 2013), including maize (Johnston-Monje and Raizada 2011a; Liu et al 2013a). The most abundant conseq observed in maize rhizospheres belonged to OTU 212, and this was also the only OTU observed in Lenha spermospheres, suggesting a connection between seed surfaces and root surfaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Bacterial populations in juvenile maize rhizospheres originate from both seed and soil

Johnston‐Monje

Lundberg

Lazarovits³

et al. 2016

Plant Soil

205

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Background and aims To assess the impacts of soil microbes and plant genotype on the composition of maize associated bacterial communities. Methods Two genotypes of Brazilian maize were planted indoors on sterile sand, a deep underground subsoil, and a nutrient-rich topsoil from the Amazon jungle (terra preta). DNA was extracted from rhizospheres, phyllospheres, and surface sterilized roots for 16S rDNA fingerprinting and next generation sequencing.Results Neither plant genotype nor soil type appeared to influence bacterial diversity in phyllospheres or endospheres. Rhizospheres showed strikingly similar 16S rDNA ordination of both fingerprinting and sequencing data, with soil type driving grouping patterns and genotype having a significant impact only on sterile sand. Rhizospheres grown in non-sterile soils contained greater bacterial diversity than sterile-sand grown ones, however the dominant OTUs (species of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes) were found in all rhizospheres suggesting seeds as a common source of inoculum. Rhizospheres of the commercial hybrid appeared to contain less bacterial diversity than the landrace. Conclusions Maize rhizospheres receive diverse bacteria from soil, are influenced by the genotype or treatment of the seed, and are dominated by species of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. As many dominant 16S rDNA sequences were observed in rhizospheres grown in both sterile and non-sterile substrate, we conclude that the most common bacterial cells in juvenile maize rhizospheres are seed transmitted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Bacterial populations in juvenile maize rhizospheres originate from both seed and soil

Johnston‐Monje

Lundberg

Lazarovits³

et al. 2016

Plant Soil

205

130

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“…In our search for endophytic bacteria in rice plants, we detected culturable endophytic bacteria in rice seeds at viable population densities that ranged from 10 2 to 10 6 CFU g −1 fresh weight (22,31). Endophytes in seeds may be carried over to the subsequent generation.…”

Section: To 1×10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Seeds as Sources of Endophytic Bacteria

Mano²,

et al. 2009

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Endophytic bacteria are considered to originate from the external environment. To examine the hypothesis that rice (Oryza sativa, cultivar Kinuhikari) seeds are a source of endophytic bacteria, we isolated endophytic bacteria from the shoots, remains of the seeds, and roots of rice seedlings that were aseptically cultivated in vitro from surfacedisinfected seeds. Of the various bacterial strains isolated, the closest relatives, identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, were: Bacillus firmus, B. fusiformis, B. pumilus, Caulobacter crescentus, Kocuria palustris, Micrococcus luteus, Methylobacterium fujisawaense, Me. radiotolerans, and Pantoea ananatis. The latter three species have been detected frequently inside both rice seedlings and mature rice plants. These results indicate that rice seeds are an important source of endophytic bacteria. The bacteria that colonize the seed interior appear to infect the subsequent generation via rice seeds and become the dominant endophytic species in the mature plant.Key words: culturable endophytic bacteria, rice seed, infection from seed to shoot, 16S rRNA gene sequence Various types of microorganisms, including fungi, actinomycetes, and other bacteria, are found inside plants and designated endophytes. In general, microorganisms having visibly harmful effects on plants are not considered endophytes. Some endophytic bacteria have beneficial effects on the host, e.g., promoting plant growth, strengthening resistance to pathogens, and increasing the supply of fixed nitrogen to the plant (9). Studies are underway to exploit these beneficial features for agriculture. However, our knowledge of endophytic bacterial ecology, including the origins of these bacteria, remains incomplete.Endophytic bacteria are considered to originate from the external environment and to enter the plant through the stomata, lenticles, wounds (including broken trichomes), areas of emergence of lateral roots, and germinating radicles (12). The notion of seeds as a source of endophytic bacteria remains controversial (9). Sato (39) did not detect endophytic bacteria in rice seeds. Mundt and Hinkle (27) obtained endophytes only from the damaged seeds of 28 plant types other than rice. Endophytic bacteria were detected in cotton seeds at viable population densities that ranged from 1×10 3 to 1×105 CFU g −1 fresh weight, as well as in the seeds of sweet corn at viable population densities of <1×10 CFU g −1 fresh weight (26). Endophytic bacterial populations increased from nondetectable levels in cotton seeds to detectable levels in radicles 4 days after placing surface-disinfected cotton seeds on water agar (1).Rice (Oryza sativa) is the most important cereal crop in the world, feeding more than 50% of the global population (8). In our search for endophytic bacteria in rice plants, we detected culturable endophytic bacteria in rice seeds at viable population densities that ranged from 10 2 to 10 6 CFU g −1 fresh weight (22,31). Endophytes in seeds may be carried over to the subsequent generation. Thus, in the p...

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“…La prueba múltiple de rangos de acuerdo con la media estándar de cada tejido y variedad analizada, mostró que la mayor densidad poblacional se observó en la raíz (4x10 La densidad poblacional de bacterias endófitas fue variable y pudo ser afectada por diversos factores como: época del año, el tipo de tejido, especie, variedad de plantas (MOCALI et al, 2003) y la interacción de las bacterias endófitas con otros microorganismos benéficos (ARAUJO et al, 2002). Trabajos realizados por MANO et al, (2006) sobre densidad poblacional de bacterias endófitas cultivables en semillas de arroz, encontraron poblaciones de 10 2 a 10 6 UFC/g de peso fresco. Además, estos autores reportaron variación en la cantidad de estas bacterias con respecto al tipo de tejido analizado.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Resistencia a cadmio (Cd) de bacterias endófitas y bacterias rizosféricas aisladas a partir de Oriza sativa en Colombia

et al. 2017

Rev Colombiana Cienc Anim. RECIA

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The present study had as objective to evaluate in vitro the resistance of endophytic bacteria and rizospheric bacteria to different concentrations of Cadmium.This bacteria were isolated fron different tissues of commercial rice varieties and from bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere in rice plantations of the Nechí (Antioquía) and Achí (Bolivar). Plant growth promotion was evaluated in vitro by nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and siderophores production of endophytic bacteria. Of each tissue isolated from rice plants was carried out isolation in culture medium for endophytic bacteria, and the soil samples were serially diluted in peptone water. Each sample was determined the population density by counting in CFU / g of tissue and morphotypes were separated by shape, color, size and appearance in culture media. Significant differences were observed for density population of bacteria with respect to tissue, with higher values in root (4x10 11 g/root), followed of the stem (3x10 10 g/etem), leaf (5x10 9 g/ leaf), flag leaf (3x10 9 g/ flag leaf) and with less density in panicle (4x10 8 g/panicle). The results of the identification with kit API were confirmed the presence of endophytic bacteria Burkholderia cepaceae and rizospheric bacteria Pseudomona fluorescens With the ability to tolerate different concentrations of Cd, fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphates and produce siderophores. Keywords:Rizospheric bacteria; rizosphere; tolerance; Cd ResumenEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar in vitro la resistencia de bacterias endófitas y rizosféricas a diferentes concentraciones de Cadmio (Cd). Se evaluó in vitro la promoción de crecimiento vegetal mediante la fijación de nitrógeno, solubilización de fosfato y producción de sideróforos de bacterias endófitas aisladas de diferentes tejidos de variedades de arroz comerciales y de bacterias aisladas de la rizósfera en las plantaciones de arroz de los corregimientos de Nechí (Antioquía) y Achí (Bolívar). Se colectaron muestras de raíz, tallos y hojas de plantas de arroz y de muestras de suelo rizosférico. A cada muestra se les determinó la densidad poblacional por medio de conteo en UFC/ g de tejido y se separaron morfotipos por forma, color, tamaño y apariencia en medios de cultivos. Se observaron diferencias significativas para densidad poblacional de bacterias con respecto a tejido, con mayores valores en raíz (4x10 11 g/raíz), seguida de tallo (3x10 10 g/tallo), hoja (5x10 9 g/hoja), hoja bandera (3x10 9 g/hoja bandera) y menor densidad en panícula (4x10 8 g/panícula). Los resultados de la identificación con kit API20E confirmaron la presencia de la bacteria endófita Burkholderia cepaceae y la bacteria rizosférica Pseudomona fluorescens con capacidad de tolerar diferentes concentraciones de Cd, fijar nitrógeno, solubilizar fosfatos y producir sideróforos. Palabras Clave:Bacteria endófita; rizósfera; tolerancia; Cadmio

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Culturable Surface and Endophytic Bacterial Flora of the Maturing Seeds of Rice Plants (Oryza sativa) Cultivated in a Paddy Field

Cited by 150 publications

References 32 publications

Bacterial populations in juvenile maize rhizospheres originate from both seed and soil

Bacterial populations in juvenile maize rhizospheres originate from both seed and soil

Rice Seeds as Sources of Endophytic Bacteria

Resistencia a cadmio (Cd) de bacterias endófitas y bacterias rizosféricas aisladas a partir de Oriza sativa en Colombia

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