Cultural control of herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum Gaud. populations in winter cereal in Northeastern Spain

Ranzenberger, Alicia Cirujeda; Taberner, A.

doi:10.5424/sjar/2009071-407

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…() also observed an effect of crop sowing time reducing the weed pressure and improving crop growth relative to weed growth. Furthermore, in similar cereal field conditions to our experiment, Cirujeda and Taberner () observed a significant decrease (50%) of Lolium rigidum emergence from delaying the crop sowing date by 20 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Integrated management of Bromus diandrus in dryland cereal fields under no‐till

et al. 2014

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Summary As herbicides have limited effect in controlling Bromus diandrus in no‐till dryland cereal fields, the integration of chemical and cultural methods needs to be investigated. A field study was carried out in Lleida (Spain) during 2008–09, 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons, in a no‐till winter cereal field integrating delayed crop sowing with herbicides in a barley–wheat–wheat rotation. Three crop sowing dates were considered: D1, mid‐October; D2, mid‐November; and D3, early December, and the herbicides mesosulfuron‐methyl plus iodosulfuron‐methyl‐sodium were applied in wheat. Weed density, cumulative emergence and fecundity were estimated for each sowing date. In all three seasons, a significant reduction in the cumulative emergence of B. diandrus as compared to D1 was observed in D2 (82.0, 97.5 and 98.1%) and D3 (80.8, 98.7 and 97.2%). In addition, a significant decrease in weed density and seed rain was observed across all sowing dates and seasons. The herbicide used in wheat was more effective under delayed sowing, due to lower weed density and presence of less developed weed seedlings. After three seasons, the populations of B. diandrus were completely depleted in D2 and D3. This study demonstrates the possibility of eliminating brome infestations in dryland cereal fields in no‐till systems through the integration of cultural and chemical strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Integrated management of Bromus diandrus in dryland cereal fields under no‐till

et al. 2014

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“…), which often cause crop yield losses (Melander et al. ; Cirujeda & Taberner ). The higher diversity of grasses encountered in Lower Saxony was due to cultivated species [ Avena sativa L. (common oat)] or species frequently used in pastures [e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in cereal crops, the long-term application of herbicides can favour genotypes that are tolerant and resistant to herbicide applications (Heap 1997), such as Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv. (loose silkybent) and Lolium rigidum Gaudin (wimmera ryegrass) (Krzakowa & Adamczewski 2007;Preston et al 2009), which often cause crop yield losses (Melander et al 2008;Cirujeda & Taberner 2009). The higher diversity of grasses encountered in Lower Saxony was due to cultivated species [Avena sativa L. (common oat)] or species frequently used in pastures [e.g.…”

Section: Applied Vegetation Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

The β‐diversity of arable weed communities on organic and conventional cereal farms in two contrasting regions

Armengot

Sans

Fischer

et al. 2012

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions: Do diversity components (a, b and c) differ across contrasting regions? What is the relative contribution of organic and conventional farming practices to the structuring of arable weed species diversity and different functional groups (legumes, grasses and broad-leaves)? To what extent do arable weed communities differ between regions and farming systems (organic vs conventional)?Location: Twenty-six farms in total in northeast Spain (Catalonia) and north Germany (Lower Saxony). Methods:We examined the weed flora in paired organic and conventional farms at each locality and assessed diversity components by additive partitioning of species richness (a, b and c).Results: The weed species composition differed greatly between the two regions. Only 18 of 135 arable weed species were shared. The a-, b-and c-diversity of all functional groups was significantly higher under organic farming practices for both regions, indicating an increasing homogenization of local communities by agricultural intensification within each region. b-diversity contributed most to the total observed species richness in both regions (69.8% and 35.8% on organic and conventional farms, respectively, in Catalonia; and 62.4% and 53.0% on organic and conventional farms, respectively, in Lower Saxony). These results demonstrate the great importance of environmental heterogeneity and of farm-specific differences in agricultural practices for the richness of arable weed species.Conclusions: Regardless of the substantial differences in arable weed community composition across regions, our study emphasizes the great importance of organic farming for arable weed species richness. Understanding the patterns and causes of the dissimilarity of local communities appears to be a key factor for species conservation and the development of effective European-wide agrienvironmental schemes at landscape and regional scales. This approach is in contrast to current nature conservation practices that are restricted primarily to local (field-and farm-scale) implementation.

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“…Recently, mouldboard ploughing has been reintroduced to invert the soil profile and bury the shallow weed seed banks, established under long‐term conservation cropping systems, to a depth from which there is no emergence (>30 cm) . Prior to the widespread adoption of conservation cropping practices, mouldboard ploughing was for decades routinely used for weed control across the world's wheat cropping regions . Even so, strategic mouldboard ploughing remains an effective weed control practice to target weed seed banks in conservation wheat production systems.…”

Section: The Need For Disruptive Weed Control Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of herbicide resistance in wheat cropping systems: learning from the Australian experience

Walsh

Powles

2014

Pest Management Science

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Resistance occurs when a genetic change allows a population of weeds to survive a herbicide treatment to which the original population was susceptible. Individual plants of weed species that are resistant to a particular herbicide are typically present in untreated populations at very low frequencies. These few resistant individuals survive a herbicide application and reproduce, whereas susceptible individuals are killed and do not reproduce. The percentage of resistant individuals increases over time as the herbicide treatment is repeated. Weed scientists began identifying resistant weed biotypes (genotypes) about 40 years ago, and the number of weeds with resistant biotypes has increased in recent years. Use of a few modes of herbicide action in the major row crops, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), corn (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycinemax), has selected for resistance in certain weeds. Widespread use of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides and glyphosate has led to resistance to one or both of these modes of action in weeds including Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), and horseweed (Conyza canadensis). Growers should diversify weed management tactics to avoid selecting more resistant weeds. Scout to detect uncontrolled weeds early and prevent movement of possibly resistant weed seed among fields. To reduce the rate of resistance buildup, practice rotation of all management factors where possible, including type of tillage, crops grown, and herbicide modes of action. Crop monoculture and continuous use of the same modes of action will accelerate resistance buildup and increase the difficulty and cost of weed control. What is Herbicide Resistance? Herbicide resistance is the inherited ability of a weed biotype to survive and reproduce despite exposure to a dose of herbicide that previously was effective on an unselected population. Application of a herbicide may reveal individuals within a population that already possess the capacity to survive exposure. Repeated, successive use of one herbicide, or herbicides with the same mode of action, increases the likelihood that resistant individuals will survive and reproduce. How are Weed Populations Selected for Resistance? The rate at which a resistant weed population is selected depends on the number and frequency of herbicide applications the population receives, the size of the population and its genetic diversity, and characteristics of the herbicide target site. Resistance buildup is accelerated when the management of crops does not include diverse tactics that limit herbicide use such as crop rotation and mechanical weed management. For example, there may be more opportunities for resistance buildup in conservation tillage because weeds are not killed by mechanical disturbance and non-selective herbicides such as glyphosate, paraquat, or glufosinate are used for pre-plant burndown. What are Herbicide Modes of Action? Mode of action describes the plant process affected by the herbicide that results in death ...

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Cultural control of herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum Gaud. populations in winter cereal in Northeastern Spain

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Integrated management of Bromus diandrus in dryland cereal fields under no‐till

Integrated management of Bromus diandrus in dryland cereal fields under no‐till

The β‐diversity of arable weed communities on organic and conventional cereal farms in two contrasting regions

Management of herbicide resistance in wheat cropping systems: learning from the Australian experience

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