Cultural diversity and economic growth: Evidence from the US during the age of mass migration

Ager, Philipp; Brückner, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2013.07.011

Cited by 171 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In fact, immigration immediately led to economic benefits that took the form of higher incomes, higher productivity, more innovation, and more industrialization. These findings complement recent scholarship examining the selection of immigrants to the United States (e.g., Abramitzky, Boustan and Eriksson, 2012, 2013, Spitzer and Zimran, 2013 and their experiences after arrival (e.g., Abramitzky, Boustan and Eriksson, 2014), as well as the existing literature on the importance of the cultural legacies of immigration (e.g., Fischer, 1989, Ottaviano and Peri, 2006, Ager and Bruckner, 2013, Grosjean, 2014, Bandiera, Mohnen, Rasul and Viarengo, 2016. Our findings of the long-term benefits of immigrants within the United States complement existing studies that also find long-term benefits of historical immigration in Brazil (Rocha, Ferraz and Soares, 2015) and Argentina (Droller, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Sequeira¹,

Nunn²,

Qian³

2017

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We study the effects of European immigration to the United States during the Age of Mass Migration (1850-1920) on economic prosperity today. We exploit variation in the extent of immigration across counties arising from the interaction of fluctuations in aggregate immigrant flows and the gradual expansion of the railway network across the United States. We find that locations with more historical immigration today have higher incomes, less poverty, less unemployment, higher rates of urbanization, and greater educational attainment. The long-run effects appear to arise from the persistence of sizeable short-run benefits, including greater industrialization, increased agricultural productivity, and more innovation.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Sequeira¹,

Nunn²,

Qian³

2017

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“…They find that birthplace diversity is positively and robustly correlated with both outcomes, which they interpret as signaling that diversity raises productivity. Similar tests in other advanced economies also detect a positive relationship (Nathan, 2011;Kemeny, 2012;Ager and Bru¨ckner, 2013;Bakens et al, 2013;Bellini et al, 2013;Longhi, 2013;Suedekum et al, 2014;Trax et al, 2015;Elias and Paradies, 2016). And yet these studies leave key issues unresolved, inhibiting our ability to make confident statements about the underlying relationship between diversity and productivity.…”

Section: Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Spillovers from immigrant diversity in cities

Kemeny

Cooke

2017

Journal of Economic Geography

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Theory and evidence suggest that people born in different countries complement each other in the labor market. Immigrant diversity could augment productivity by enabling the combination of different skills, ideas and perspectives, resulting in greater productivity. Using matched employer-employee data for the USA, this paper evaluates this claim, and makes empirical and conceptual contributions to prior work. It addresses the potential bias from unobserved heterogeneity among individuals, work establishments and cities. The paper also identifies diversity impacts at both city and workplace scales, and considers how relationships vary across different segments of the labor market. Findings suggest that urban immigrant diversity produces positive and nontrivial spillovers for U.S. workers. This social return represents a distinct channel through which immigration may generate broad-based economic benefits.

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“…It is conceivable that the relative inflexibility of the German labor market (relative to the US or UK) might be an obstacle to a quick labor market integration of immigrant workers. Ager and Brückner (2013) show that this might result in large unemployment effects. Our results lend some support to calls for additional labor market flexibility (Bofinger et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Jobs, Crime, and Votes a Short-Run Evaluation of the Refugee Crisis in Germany

Gehrsitz

Ungerer

2016

SSRN Journal

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Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW. Jobs, Crime, and Votes -A Short-run Evaluation of the Refugee Crisis in GermanyMarkus Gehrsitz * Martin Ungerer † December 2, 2016 AbstractMillions of refugees made their way to Europe between 2014 and 2015, with over one million arriving in Germany alone. Yet, little is known about the impact of this inflow on labor markets, crime, and voting behavior. This article uses administrative data on refugee allocation and provides an evaluation of the short-run consequences of the refugee inflow. Our identification strategy exploits that a scramble for accommodation determined the assignment of refugees to German counties resulting in exogeneous variations in the number of refugees per county even within states. Our estimates suggest that migrants have not displaced native workers but have themselves struggled to find gainful employment. We find very small increases in crime in particular with respect to drug offenses and fare-dodging. Our analysis further suggests that counties which experience a larger influx see neither more nor less support for the main anti-immigrant party than counties which experience small migrant inflows.

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Cultural diversity and economic growth: Evidence from the US during the age of mass migration

Cited by 171 publications

References 41 publications

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Spillovers from immigrant diversity in cities

Jobs, Crime, and Votes a Short-Run Evaluation of the Refugee Crisis in Germany

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