Culturally modified trees and forest structure at a Kawésqar ancient settlement at Río Batchelor, western Patagonia

Östlund, Lars; Zegers, Gabriel; Murrie, Benjamin Cáceres; Fernández, Macarena; Carracedo-Recasens, Robert; Josefsson, Torbjörn; Prieto, Alfredo; Roturier, Samuel

doi:10.1007/s10745-020-00200-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The bark extraction procedure is carried out on a single face of the trunk. In this way, the cutting of the sap flow by the phloem is avoided and the tree continues to live (González et al., 2017 , Östlund et al., 2020 ). These culturally modified trees evoke similar practices in the Pacific Northwest (Mobley & Eldridge, 1992 ) and Scandinavia (Andersson et al., 2008 ; Östlund et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Biocultural Calendars At the Southern End Of The Americasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocultural Calendars Across Four Ethnolinguistic Communities in Southwestern South America

et al. 2023

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Since the mid‐20th century, the so‐called Great Acceleration ( sensu Steffen et al., 2007, https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[614:TAAHNO]2.0.CO;2 ) has amplified processes of ecosystem degradation, extinction of biological species, displacement of local peoples, losses of languages, and cultural diversity. These losses are still underperceived by the academic community, and by a global society that is disconnected from biocultural diversity. To reconnect society with biocultural diversity, we integrate temporal and spatial dimensions of seasonal cycles, by combining two conceptual frameworks: ecological calendars and the “3Hs” model of the biocultural ethic ( sensu Rozzi, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics20123414 ). The latter values the vital links between human and other‐than‐human co‐inhabitants , their life habits (e.g., cultural practices of humans or life cycles of other‐than‐human species), and the structure and processes of their shared habitats . This integration enhances an understanding of links between cultural practices and the life cycles of biocultural keystone species. As a synthesis, we use the term biocultural calendars to emphasize their co‐constitutive nature that result from interactions between dynamic biophysical and cultural processes embedded in specific ecosystems and cultures. These calendars link astronomical, biological, and cultural seasonal cycles that sustain life and enhance the integration of Indigenous and scientific knowledge to confront challenges of climate change faced from local to global scales. To illustrate this integration, we examine cultural practices and socio‐environmental changes across four contrasting ethnolinguistic communities in southwestern South America, from southern to northern Chile along a marked climatic gradient to show the broad application of the concept of biocultural calendars.

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Section: Biocultural Calendars At the Southern End Of The Americasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocultural Calendars Across Four Ethnolinguistic Communities in Southwestern South America

et al. 2023

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“…The Kawésqar people inhabit mainly the inland seas and fjords that characterize the rugged coastal relief from the central-southern Patagonia region (47°–55°S, Figure 1), where the ice detachments and windstorms are common (Borrero et al, 2020). Establishing mobility and connectivity circuits between the evergreen subantarctic forests and the coast in knitted bark tree or monoxyle canoes (Borrero et al, 2020; Östlund et al, 2020), maintained a predominant marine subsistence ( Otaria flavescens , Artocephalus australis , cetaceous, seabirds, crustaceans, and mollusks) complemented with terrestrial resources (e.g. Hippocamelus bisulcus or berries Berberis spp .)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modeling approach to estimate the historical population size of the Patagonian Kawésqar people

et al. 2022

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The study of human-gatherers societies’ demography used to be a difficult task due to the lack of direct evidence to support the estimations. This is the case of several human groups from Pacific Patagonia whose historical population size estimations are controversial. This study estimated the historical population size for the Kawésqar people using direct and indirect evidence. Thus, we collated past estimations from experts and encounter rates distribution in time and space to generate a statistical approximation for population size. We used weights to include the reliability of such past estimations under three modeling scenarios. Our results indicate that the historical population ranged roughly between 3700 and 3900 individuals before the massive contact with Chileans and European people. The approach developed here for combining and integrating different evidence for estimating population in Kawésqar people, emerges as a promising and valuable tool to study the demography of other hunter-gatherer societies in South America.

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Preservation of the cultural legacy of the indigenous Sami in northern forest reserves – Present shortcomings and future possibilities

Östlund

Norstedt

2021

Forest Ecology and Management

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Culturally modified trees and forest structure at a Kawésqar ancient settlement at Río Batchelor, western Patagonia

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Biocultural Calendars Across Four Ethnolinguistic Communities in Southwestern South America

Biocultural Calendars Across Four Ethnolinguistic Communities in Southwestern South America

A modeling approach to estimate the historical population size of the Patagonian Kawésqar people

Preservation of the cultural legacy of the indigenous Sami in northern forest reserves – Present shortcomings and future possibilities

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