Culturally variable preferences for robot design and use in South Korea, Turkey, and the United States

Lee, Hee Rin; Šabanović, Selma

doi:10.1145/2559636.2559676

Cited by 116 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is possible that humanlike robots that outperform humans could be more accepted in some cultures than others. Past research has shown that culture determines preferences toward androids (Bartneck, 2008;Haring et al, 2014;Lee & Sabanović, 2014), and it is possible that the observed effect in our study would be even stronger with participants from cultures that have unfavorable attitudes toward androids in the first place. Arguably, robots have the potential to revolutionize the way humans go about their daily business, but ultimately, this is only possible through careful consideration of how to implement such a radical change in society.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Interactive Effects of Robot Anthropomorphism and Robot Ability on Perceived Threat and Support for Robotics Research

Yogeeswaran

Złotowski

Livingstone

et al. 2016

Journal of Human-Robot Interaction

111

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*indicates that both authors contributed equallyThe present research examines how a robot's physical anthropomorphism interacts with perceived ability of robots to impact the level of realistic and identity threat that people perceive from robots and how it affects their support for robotics research. Experimental data revealed that participants perceived robots to be significantly more threatening to humans after watching a video of an android that could allegedly outperform humans on various physical and mental tasks relative to a humanoid robot that could do the same. However, when participants were not provided with information about a new generation of robots' ability relative to humans, then no significant differences were found in perceived threat following exposure to either the android or humanoid robots. Similarly, participants also expressed less support for robotics research after seeing an android relative to a humanoid robot outperform humans. However, when provided with no information about robots' ability relative to humans, then participants showed marginally decreased support for robotics research following exposure to the humanoid relative to the android robot. Taken together, these findings suggest that very humanlike robots can not only be perceived as a realistic threat to human jobs, safety, and resources, but can also be seen as a threat to human identity and uniqueness, especially if such robots also outperform humans. We also demonstrate the potential downside of such robots to the public's willingness to support and fund robotics research.Keywords: human-robot interaction, anthropomorphism, ability, threat, uncanny valley Yogeeswaran et al., Robot Anthropomorphism and Performance 30 IntroductionFor years now, robots have been quite visible in popular culture. This is evident going back decades to classic films, such as Star Wars (1977), Star Trek (1987), Blade Runner (1982), and Terminator (1984, as well as more recent films, including Ex-Machina (2015), Robot & Frank (2012), and Surrogates (2008). However, recent technological advancements have turned what was once an imaginative creation of Hollywood into an impending reality. While robots already play an active role in patient care, factories, and military operations, prominent roboticists (Kiesler & Hinds, 2004) argue that robots will soon become fully integrated into human society, in what is dubbed the 'robot revolution' (Ripley, 2014;Stewart, 2011). Robots are expected to serve with an increasing presence in our homes, healthcare, elderly care, rescue operations, and combat. Currently, hundreds of millions of dollars are spent worldwide on robotics research to design these technologies. However, despite scientific advances to create the technology, questions remain about the acceptance of robots by the general public. While some scientists develop technology to make these advancements possible, others try to understand what factors impact how people think, feel, and behave toward such technology. The present research examines ...

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Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Interactive Effects of Robot Anthropomorphism and Robot Ability on Perceived Threat and Support for Robotics Research

Yogeeswaran

Złotowski

Livingstone

et al. 2016

Journal of Human-Robot Interaction

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another issue may be linked to "public engagement-communication, consultation, and participation," which also refers to "transdisciplinary discussion in unwanted societal changes as well as a shift in science from analog to digital modeling and structure." Obviously, following a meritocratic system for deliberations, the roles and decisions of virtuous and capable leaders play a much larger role than in Western societies [137,139,140]. Thus, the role of academia in (transdisciplinary) practice-science dialogues in Japan may be more important than in Western countries.…”

Section: Appendix B2 Specific Unseens Identified By the Japanese Ertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unintended Side Effects of the Digital Transition: European Scientists’ Messages from a Proposition-Based Expert Round Table

et al. 2018

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Abstract:We present the main messages of a European Expert Round Table (ERT) on the unintended side effects (unseens) of the digital transition. Seventeen experts provided 42 propositions from ten different perspectives as input for the ERT. A full-day ERT deliberated communalities and relationships among these unseens and provided suggestions on (i) what the major unseens are; (ii) how rebound effects of digital transitioning may become the subject of overarching research; and (iii) what unseens should become subjects of transdisciplinary theory and practice processes for developing socially robust orientations. With respect to the latter, the experts suggested that the "ownership, economic value, use and access of data" and, related to this, algorithmic decision-making call for transdisciplinary processes that may provide guidelines for key stakeholder groups on how the responsible use of digital data can be developed. A cluster-based content analysis of the propositions, the discussion and inputs of the ERT, and a theoretical analysis of major changes to levels of human systems and the human-environment relationship resulted in the following greater picture: The digital transition calls for redefining economy, labor, democracy, and humanity. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based machines may take over major domains of human labor, reorganize supply chains, induce platform economics, and reshape the participation of economic actors in the value chain. (Digital) Knowledge and data supplement capital, labor, and natural resources as major economic variables. Digital data and technologies lead to a post-fuel industry (post-) capitalism. Traditional democratic processes can be (intentionally or unintentionally) altered by digital technologies. The unseens in this field call for special attention, research and management. Related to the conditions of ontogenetic and phylogenetic development (humanity), the ubiquitous, global, increasingly AI-shaped interlinkage of almost every human personal, social, and economic activity and the exposure to indirect, digital, artificial, fragmented, electronically mediated data affect behavioral, cognitive, psycho-neuro-endocrinological processes on the level of the individual and thus social relations (of groups and families) and culture, and thereby, the essential quality and character of the human being (i.e., humanity). The findings suggest a need for a new field of research, i.e., focusing on sustainable digital societies and environments, in which the identification, analysis, and management of vulnerabilities and unseens emerging in the sociotechnical digital transition play an important role.Keywords: digital transformation; digital curtain; digital vaulting; unintended side effects (unseens), proposition-based expert round tables Scope and Goals Digitalization as a Main Driver of Human Socio-Cultural EvolutionThe digital revolution comprises one of the major transitions of human development. We may consider it to be as critical as the mastery of fire, the development of lang...

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“…First of all, the studies were performed in Turkey, with Turkish children only. As Lee et al [9] indicated, there may be cultural differences in how people imagine social robots, so it is possible that our findings are only representative for Turkish children. However, the drawings on which the elements of the toolkit were based came from Portuguese children and international Interaction Design students.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Developing a Prototyping Method for Involving Children in the Design of Classroom Robots

Obaid

Baykal

Yantaç

et al. 2017

Int J of Soc Robotics

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Including children in the design of technologies that will have an impact on their daily lives is one of the pillars of user-centered design. Educational robots are an example of such a technology where children's involvement is important. However, the form in which this involvement should take place is still unclear. Children do not have a lot of experience with educational robots yet, while they do have some ideas of what robot could be like from popular media, such as BayMax from the Big Hero 6 movie. In this paper we describe two pilot studies to inform the development of an elicitation method focusing on form factors; a first study in which we have asked children between 8 and 15 years old to design their own classroom robot using a toolkit, the Robo2Box, and a second study where we have compared the use of the Robo2Box toolkit and clay as elicitation methods. We present the results of the two studies, and discuss the implications of the outcomes to inform further development of the Robo2Box for prototyping classroom robots by children.

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Culturally variable preferences for robot design and use in South Korea, Turkey, and the United States

Cited by 116 publications

References 19 publications

The Interactive Effects of Robot Anthropomorphism and Robot Ability on Perceived Threat and Support for Robotics Research

The Interactive Effects of Robot Anthropomorphism and Robot Ability on Perceived Threat and Support for Robotics Research

Unintended Side Effects of the Digital Transition: European Scientists’ Messages from a Proposition-Based Expert Round Table

Developing a Prototyping Method for Involving Children in the Design of Classroom Robots

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