Culture and Maintenance of Selected Invertebrates in the Laboratory and Classroom

Smith, Stephen A.; Scimeca, Joseph M.; Mainous, Mary E.

doi:10.1093/ilar.52.2.153

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…They can be maintained in straightforward glass, fibreglass, or plastic tanks with adequate circulation and/or water filtration. For more information on housing and diet please see Smith et al (2011). Sea snails, especially those from genus Conus, have also been vital to advance the state of the art of research on potential therapeutics as cone shells contain toxic venom (conotoxin) that is made up of at least 50 different peptides that inhibit the function of the ion channels involved in nerve signalling (Livett et al 2004).…”

Section: Research Model Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaculture of marine non‐food organisms: what, why and how?

Leal

Rocha

Rosa

et al. 2016

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Aquaculture is among the fastest growing industries in the world and the fastest in the food production sector. However, not all aquaculture organisms are produced for human consumption. Indeed, an important fraction of aquaculture products target a wide variety of applications, from pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, ornamental and nutraceutical applications, as well as biofuel production, conservation efforts and academic purposes, among others. Despite the increasing importance of aquaculture for non‐food purposes, a comprehensive review covering the state of the art of this topic, its latest developments and future trends is missing. Here, we review what marine organisms are produced for non‐food purposes, as well as why and how they are produced. Instead of providing a thorough methodological review, production protocols are briefly summarized and an updated guide to the most relevant literature is provided. We overview current developments driving the aquaculture of non‐food organisms, underpin their most significant applications and highlight future prospects for non‐food aquaculture.

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Section: Research Model Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaculture of marine non‐food organisms: what, why and how?

Leal

Rocha

Rosa

et al. 2016

Reviews in Aquaculture

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“…Brown & Clapper 1981;Smith & Berkson 2005;Schreibman & Zarnoch 2009). Relationships to environmental factors, contamination or disease have not been resolved (Smith et al 2011). It is possible, therefore, that culture studies based on trials shorter than 6 months in duration may report higher survival rates than longerterm studies, regardless of housing conditions, and could Horseshoe crab culture Reviews in Aquaculture (2012) 4, 32-43 ª 2012 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd confound assessment of suitable husbandry techniques.…”

Section: Growth and Survival In Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2011). The limited available data on culture conditions make it impossible to assess potential interactions among different variables that could further affect growth and survival in culture or susceptibility to infections, which are also poorly understood (Smith et al 2011). These findings highlight the need for more detailed data on conditions for captive rearing in addition to temperature and salinity.…”

Section: Comparison To Environmental Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Captive rearing has been widely suggested as one option to augment and restore over-harvested native horseshoe crab populations while continuing to support ongoing research and educational activities (Carmichael et al 2009;O'Connell et al 2009;Tsuchiya 2009;Chan 2010;Smith et al 2011). The broadest scale horseshoe crab culture efforts have been reported by Japanese researchers, starting in the late 1980s (Tsuchiya 2009), but the details of this work remain largely unpublished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three decades of horseshoe crab rearing: a review of conditions for captive growth and survival

Carmichael

Brush

2012

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Threats to wild horseshoe crab populations and growing interest in their use for research, education and biomedical applications have prompted demand for improved techniques to rear and maintain crabs in captivity. Although numerous laboratory studies have been conducted to determine growth and survival of horseshoe crabs under various conditions, these data have not been compiled and summarized to inform culture practices. We surveyed the literature and analysed the range of available techniques to identify and define a consistent set of conditions for maximum growth and survival of horseshoe crabs in culture. We considered three age classes; embryo, juvenile and adult, and included all extant species (Limulus polyphemus, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, Tachypleus gigas and Tachypleus tridentatus). We discovered relatively few published studies that clearly related husbandry conditions to growth and survival. Comparison among studies was complicated by inconsistent data collection and reporting techniques. Most published sources reported data for younger age classes, and more studies considered L. polyphemus than Asian species. The most commonly reported variables (temperature, salinity, enclosure maintenance and diet composition) showed size dependent and in some cases species-specific effects on growth and survival that will be important in guiding culture efforts. We suggest that future studies give additional consideration to substrate type, water flow, dissolved oxygen concentrations, diet quality and the quantity and frequency of feeding. If laboratory-reared stocks are to be used for propagation and restoration activities, future studies will benefit from closing these data gaps and promoting international data sharing.

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“…Estão sendo conduzidos estudos sobre eutanásia e analgesia 41,45 e bem-estar em criação 3 . Também é notável a atividade dos CCAC do Canadá ao avaliar estudos de caso com o objetivo de delinear metodologia desejável de padronização para protocolos de procedimentos com invertebrados.…”

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Legislação de proteção animal para fins científicos e a não inclusão dos invertebrados - análise bioética

Oliveira¹,

Goldim

2014

Rev. Bioét.

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ResumoA legislação que regulamenta o uso de animais para fins científicos nos países ocidentais segue princípios semelhantes, diferindo apenas em complexidade e extensão. Em geral, a lei protege apenas os vertebrados por considerá-los dotados da capacidade de ter experiências subjetivas como dor e sofrimento. Estudos utilizando parâmetros fisiológicos, neuroanatômicos e comportamentais evidenciam a senciência em invertebrados como cefalópodes e decápodes, dando-lhes o direito de proteção legal em alguns países. Sugerimos uma abordagem de senciência com requisitos elementares, não restritos apenas aos vertebrados. Fatores socioeconômicos e o especismo parecem influenciar a não atribuição de senciência aos invertebrados. Portanto, fica evidente a necessidade de uma análise bioética para fundamentar a inclusão desses animais na legislação. O "benefício da dúvida" é corroborado pelos argumentos da "continuidade evolutiva" e do "princípio da precaução". Nesse ínterim sugerimos que a utilização dos invertebrados para fins científicos seja criteriosa e responsável. Palavras-chave: Invertebrados. Legislação. Senciência. Experimentação animal. Especismo. Resumen La legislación de protección animal para fines científicos y la no inclusión de los invertebrados -un análisis bioético La legislación reguladora del uso de animales para fines científicos en países occidentales sigue principios similares, distinguiéndose en complejidad y extensión. En general, la ley protege apenas a los vertebrados, considerándolos dotados de capacidad de tener experiencias subjetivas como dolor y sufrimiento. Estudios utilizando parámetros fisiológicos, neuroanatómicos y comportamentales demuestran sintiencia en invertebrados como cefalópodos y decápodos, dándoles el derecho de protección legal en algunos países. Sugerimos un enfoque de sintiencia con requisitos elementales, que no se restrinjan únicamente a vertebrados. Factores socio-económicos y el especisismo parecen influir en la no atribución de sintiencia a invertebrados. Así, se hace evidente la necesidad de un análisis bioético para fundamentar la inclusión de esos animales en la legislación. El "beneficio de la duda" es corroborado por los argumentos de "continuidad evolutiva" y "principio de precaución". En ese ínterin, sugerimos que la utilización de los invertebrados para fines científicos sea criteriosa y responsable. Palabras-clave: Invertebrados. Legislación. Sintinencia. Experimentación animal. Especisismo. Abstract Animal protection legislation for scientific purposes and the non-inclusion of invertebrates ̶ a bioethical analysis Animal welfare legislation in Western countries follows similar principles, differing mainly in complexity and scope. The legislation basically protects vertebrates, since it considers them capable of having subjective experiences such as pain and suffering. Studies utilizing physiological, neuroanatomical and behavioral parameters indicate that invertebrates like cephalopods and decapods are sentient beings, and thus eligible for legal protection in...

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Culture and Maintenance of Selected Invertebrates in the Laboratory and Classroom

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Aquaculture of marine non‐food organisms: what, why and how?

Aquaculture of marine non‐food organisms: what, why and how?

Three decades of horseshoe crab rearing: a review of conditions for captive growth and survival

Legislação de proteção animal para fins científicos e a não inclusão dos invertebrados - análise bioética

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