Culture and Superculture in a Displaced Community: Tristan da Cunha

Münch, Peter

doi:10.2307/3772839

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Further, this finding points out the impact of a multinational corporate superculture that is carried by globalized markets and preserved and adjusted by the firms that operate within the same markets. This superculture stretches across country borders and is somewhat apart from local systems and interplay (Munch, 1964). The superculture sets rules, norms, and expectations for the firms that operate under its influence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of intellectual capital – an international comparison

Inkinen

Kianto

Vanhala

et al. 2017

AAAJ

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Purpose Academics and practitioners around the world have shown interest in what constitutes the relevant intellectual capital (IC) in firms. However, studies have largely neglected to examine whether IC has identical or different structural elements in various parts of the world. The purpose of this paper is to suggest that country-specific institutional structures may impact the perception of IC, and empirically analyse whether differences exist between five countries drawing on the institutional theory. Design/methodology/approach This study tests for the differences in the underlying categorizations of IC in a sample consisting of 708 firms across five countries. Confirmatory factor analysis and comparison of different possible IC models are conducted to empirically examine the IC structure. Findings The results demonstrate that IC has predominantly the same underlying elements across the examined countries. However, trust capital in Finland and renewal capital in Serbia are structurally different compared to other countries. Research limitations/implications Institutional theory and multinational corporate superculture can explain the similarity in the IC structures across countries. Specifically, globalized markets carry institutionalized rules, norms, and expectations for the participating firms; under the influence of this superculture, the firms begin to assimilate. Conversely, the differences suggest that some country- and culture-specific differences remain even during the transition to global markets. Originality/value This study is among the first to question the assumption that IC has identical structural elements across the world, and merges theories of IC and institutions to explain the possible origins of these differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of intellectual capital – an international comparison

Inkinen

Kianto

Vanhala

et al. 2017

AAAJ

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“…(4) Most of the inhabitants are Christians but this does not appear to have a great effect on social organisation (Munch 1964: 371, Munch 1971: 136 for two different examples). (5) Child rearing practices on the island have a peculiar nature.…”

Section: The Islanders Of Tristan Da Cunhamentioning

confidence: 98%

Peaceful Societies: An Introduction

Fabbro¹

1978

Journal of Peace Research

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This article is a tentative introduction to the idea of studying the social preconditions of peace by directing attention to a number of actual societies which are peaceful. These societies: 1) do not engage in violence against other groups; 2) have no civil wars or internal collective violence; 3) do not maintain a standing military-police organisation; 4) experience little or no inter-personal lethal violence; and, 5) lack certain forms of structural violence. The societies are: the Semai of Malaya, the Siriono of Eastern Bolivia, the Kung Bushmen of the Kalahari desert, the Mbuti Pygmies of equatorial Africa, the Copper Eskimo of Northern Canada, the Hutterites of North America, and the Islanders of Tristan da Cunha in the South Pacific. Various aspects of these groups were considered: type of economy, cosmology or world view, child rearing practices, conflict resolution methods, and their social control and decision-making processes. The societies displayed a number of commonalities along these dimensions. They are all small, face to face communities with a basically egalitarian social structure. Generally they lack formal patterns of ranking and stratification, place no restriction on the number of people capable of exercising authority or occupying positions of prestige and have economies which are based on generalised reciprocity. Only Tristan and the Hutterites produce a surplus. In none of these societies is there great material inequality between individuals. Sexism and to a lesser extent gerontocracy exist in all groups. It is suggested that it is possible for a society to have social justice without recourse to physical violence.

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“…When recruited by the British army in a fight against the communist insurgency, the Semai still returned to their peacefulness after the war (Peaceful-Societies, 2019). They cherish their culture, like the people of Tristan da Cunha, when initially displaced due to volcanic eruption in 1961 demanded to return to their island later, showing their commitment to their non-violence and self-assertion, (Munch, 1964). Willis' study of the Ufipa (Fipa) southwest of Tanzania shows that the Ufipa people were known to be peaceful (even as early as 1880).…”

Section: B Peaceful Societiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture (Yorùbá) as a Means of De-Escalating Conflict and Maintaining Peace

Olayinka¹

2021

Preprint

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Most works in peace and conflict studies concern interventions in conflict situations – such as conflict management – or projects seeking to sustain peace after a conflict, such as conflict resolution, conflict transformation, and peace education. However, using a peace lens, this study affirms culture as one of the means the Yorùbá utilize to sustain peace in their community. The paper first ascertains the presence of conflict and proceed to discuss how some features of Yorùbá culture facilitate harmony as evidenced in the research findings. Note: This article is based on a primary research among the Yorùbá of southwest Nigeria within 2015 to 2020, the bulk of which is taken from chapter 5 of the dissertation. A few amendments were made to suit the requirement of this journal publication.

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Culture and Superculture in a Displaced Community: Tristan da Cunha

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Structure of intellectual capital – an international comparison

Structure of intellectual capital – an international comparison

Peaceful Societies: An Introduction

Culture (Yorùbá) as a Means of De-Escalating Conflict and Maintaining Peace

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