Cumulative pulse methylprednisolone and its relation to disease activity, damage and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A post hoc analysis of COMOSLE-EGYPT study

Abstract

Objective To investigate the relation between cumulative intravenous methylprednisolone dose and disease activity, damage, and mortality among a group of Egyptian SLE patients. Patients and methods This is a post hoc analysis of a retrospective multicenter COMOSLE study. Cumulative pulse methylprednisolone dose was abstracted from COMOSLE database. Patients with cumulative pulse dose of ≤ 3.0 g (median dose) were compared to those with cumulative dose of > 3.0 g regarding demographic data, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index (SLICC) score as well as treatment received. Additionally, at 1.5, 3, 6, and 9 g of cumulative methylprednisolone, patients were compared regarding SLICC score and risk of mortality. Results Patients who received > 3 g of methylprednisolone were statistically significantly younger at disease onset, had longer disease duration, higher SLEDAI score at last visit, and higher SLICC score (p = 003, p = 0.002, p = 0.004 and p = < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, with every gram increase in the cumulative methylprednisolone, there was a significant increase in SLICC score by 0.169 (B = 0.169, CI = 0.122–0.216, p-value = < 0.001) and an increased risk of mortality by 13.5% (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.135, CI = 1.091–1.180, p-value = 0.001). The best cutoff value of methylprednisolone dose at which damage may occur, ranged between 2.75 (with sensitivity of 81.4% and specificity of 33.9%) and 3.25 g (with sensitivity of 48.3% and specificity of 71.5%). Conclusion With every gram increase in the cumulative methylprednisolone, there may be increase in damage and mortality, especially in doses exceeding the range of 2.75–3.25 g. Key Points• Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus should be with the least possible dose of steroids to decrease the risk of damage and mortality.• With every gram increase in the cumulative intravenous methylprednisolone there may be increase in damage and mortality.