Cure kinetics of neat and graphite‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy formulations

Abstract

SynopsisAn investigation was carried out into the cure kinetics of neat and graphite fiber-reinforced epoxy formulation, composed of tetraglycidyl4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) resin and diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) curing agent. Two experimental techniques were employed: isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (IDSC) and dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DDSC). An autocatalytic mechanism with the overall reaction rate order of 2 was found to describe adequately the cure kinetics, of the neat resin and the composite. All kinetic parameters, including reaction rate constants, activation energies and preexponential factors, were calculated and reported. The presence of graphite fibers in the composite had only a very small initial effect on the kinetics of cure.

Nanostructured composites based on carbon nanotubes and epoxy resin for use as radar absorbing materials

“…Relevant characteristics are continuously investigated in the area of RAM: durability, low density, low cost, performance on a wide range of frequencies and also the ease of application 7,8,13,14 . Epoxy resins are the most important thermosets, widely used as adhesives, coatings, and composite materials [15][16][17][18] . In recent years, the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in epoxy resin/carbon nanotube composites has attracted a great deal of attention [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] .…”

Cure kinetics of carbon nanotube/tetrafunctional epoxy nanocomposites by isothermal differential scanning calorimetry

“…Epoxy resins are the most important thermosets, widely used as adhesives, coatings, and composite materials 1. To enhance or provide physical properties, such as modulus, thermal expansion, thermal and electrical conductivity, and magnetic recording properties, reinforced fillers, such as carbon black, carbon fibers, and glass fibers are incorporated in the resins 2–4. In recent years, the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in epoxy resin/carbon nanotube composites has attracted a great deal of attention 5–12.…”

“…The curing kinetics of tetraglycidyl‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) cured with 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) that are commonly used as a polymeric matrix in high‐performance composites employed in the aircraft and spacecraft industries has been studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 15–18. Although there have been several reports on the kinetics of TGDDM/DDS systems blended with graphite or carbon fibers,3, 19 very few efforts have been made to study the influence of CNTs on the cure reactions of tetrafunctional epoxy resins. In this work, we use isothermal DSC to study the cure kinetics of TGDDM and DDS as a curing agent, as well as its nanocomposites with mutiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs).…”

“…1 To enhance or provide physical properties, such as modulus, thermal expansion, thermal and electrical conductivity, and magnetic recording properties, reinforced fillers, such as carbon black, carbon fibers, and glass fibers are incorporated in the resins. [2][3][4] In recent years, the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in epoxy resin/ carbon nanotube composites has attracted a great deal of attention. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] CNTs have a unique atomic structure, very high aspect ratio, and extraordinary mechanical properties (strength and flexibility), making them ideal reinforcing fibers in nanocomposites.…”

Cure kinetics and thermal stability of multifunctional epoxy/anhydride containing release agent and carbon fiber

“…Kim et al have studied the cure kinetic model TGDDM/DDS/carbon fiber composite. Mijovic et al have reported the cure kinetics of TGDDM/DDS/graphite fiber composite. And, the author has reported the thermal properties of C 2 H 5 ‐TGDDM cured with methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA).…”