Curing, mechanical, and tribological properties of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber reinforced with Al₂O₃ nanoparticles

Abstract

A novel hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) composite filled with organically modified Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle was fabricated. The effects of nanoparticle Al 2 O 3 (nano-Al 2 O 3 ) with different particle sizes on the curing, mechanical, and tribological properties of the HNBR composites were studied.Nano-Al 2 O 3 with different particle sizes (i.e. 10, 50, 100, and 200 nm) was filled into the HNBR in this work. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the degree of grafting between modified nano-Al 2 O 3 and rubber matrix. Universal material testing machine was used to study the mechanical properties of the HNBR composites. The tribological properties of the HNBR composites were tested by a ballon-on-disk tribometer. The wear morphology of the HNBR composite surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The test results reveal that the nano-Al 2 O 3 as filler of HNBR composite promoted the vulcanization process, improved tensile and compressive strength, and increased hysteresis energy density and the damping coefficient. And the mechanical properties of the HNBR composite improved gradually with the decrease of nano-Al 2 O 3 particle size. The friction and wear test results show that the addition of nano-Al 2 O 3 greatly reduced the dry friction coefficient and specific wear rate of HNBR composites, and the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased gradually with the decrease of nano-Al 2 O 3 size. The HNBR composite filled with 10 nm nano-Al 2 O 3 had the better mechanical properties and anti-wear performance due to that the 10 nm nano-Al 2 O 3 could form denser cross-linked network.

Compatibilizers Effect on Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber with Polypropylene and Sugarcane Bagasse Composite for Mechanical Properties

“…PP refers to a strong crystalline polymer in which its mechanical properties are influenced by a variety of elements, including structural parameters and molecular weight, especially crystallinity [3,15,16]. Numerous scholars have observed comparable outcomes in their experiments on thermoplastic elastomer blends [17,18]. In both composites, however, E b , rises as NBR content rises.…”

Effect of irregular silicon carbide and tackifying phenolic resin on friction coefficients of rubber compounds

“…The hysteresis friction is proportional to both the deformed volume of sole and the loss tangent (tanδ) as an indication for the loss of strain energy. 6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Adhesion friction is dominant on the smooth ground, but if there is water, soap, oil, and other liquid lubrication layer, the adhesion friction between sole and the smooth ground cannot play a role, and eventually friction coefficients between sole and the smooth ground with liquid lubrication layer becomes very small. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Therefore, for the safety of shoes, the wet-slip resistance of soles on the smooth ground is an important index.…”

“…The stress asymmetry results from the internal energy dissipation, that is, the hysteresis loss associated with the cyclic deformation of sole by the asperities of the rough ground surface. The hysteresis friction is proportional to both the deformed volume of sole and the loss tangent (tanδ) as an indication for the loss of strain energy 6,8–24 . Adhesion friction is dominant on the smooth ground, but if there is water, soap, oil, and other liquid lubrication layer, the adhesion friction between sole and the smooth ground cannot play a role, and eventually friction coefficients between sole and the smooth ground with liquid lubrication layer becomes very small 1–7 .…”

HNBR-Based Dual Network Co-crosslinked Composites with Excellent Tribological Properties under Water Lubrication

“…For this reason, 2 researchers have conducted numerous studies on HNBR water lubrication materials. Common ways to improve the friction performance include the addition of solid lubricants [18], microcapsules [19], blending [20], and surface modification [21]. Compared with pure HNBR, polymer blending is also a way to improve the performance of rubber materials.…”