Current applications of antibody microarrays

Abstract

The concept of antibody microarrays is one of the most versatile approaches within multiplexed immunoassay technologies. These types of arrays have increasingly become an attractive tool for the exploratory detection and study of protein abundance, function, pathways, and potential drug targets. Due to the properties of the antibody microarrays and their potential use in basic research and clinical analytics, various types of antibody microarrays have already been developed. In spite of the growing number of studies utilizing this technique, few reviews about antibody microarray technology have been presented to reflect the quality and future uses of the generated data. In this review, we provide a summary of the recent applications of antibody microarray techniques in basic biology and clinical studies, providing insights into the current trends and future of protein analysis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-018-9184-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Thiol–ene click chemistry towards easy microarraying of half-antibodies

“…Several approaches are reported for the oriented immobilisation of IgGs, of which the most relevant are those that employ protein A or G. 9 Due to unique capabilities of the antibody microarray and its applicability in a range of biomedical projects, a series of different antibody microarrays have been developed, of which some have become commercially available. 10 However, regardless the rapid technological advances in the last years, there are still technical issues that need to be overcome to ensure high-specificity and reproducibility of antibody arrays, to ensure high impact data and meaningful conclusions. The surface chemistry and the mode of antibody immobilization are within the experimental factors that may help to solve these problems.…”

Comparison of Bead-Based Fluorescence Versus Planar Electrochemiluminescence Multiplex Immunoassays for Measuring Cytokines in Human Plasma

“…This study compared the merits of two representative commercially available cytokine multiplex assay approaches, the MILLIPLEX magnetic bead-based fluorescence kit assayed on LMX instrumentation and the planar electrochemiluminescence MSD system, both in 96-well plate formats. Whereas multiplexing assays can in theory be designed to have large (e.g., ≥100) analyte-measuring abilities, this is generally not achievable due to antibody cross-reactivity reactions and other mitigating technical factors ( 4 , 24 ). For example, the predisposition of liquid-phase multiplex assays to cross-reactivity increases in a quadratic relationship to the number of target analytes ( 25 ).…”

Immunoassay Techniques Highlighting Biomarkers in Immunogenetic Diseases

“…Antibody microarrays could provide a real-time vision of biological processes, such proteomic instrument being used in clinic to analyze serum and plasma in several pathologies including autoimmune disorders. One of the autoimmune diseases approached through protein array is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) where SLE clinical heterogeneity and the absence of robust biomarkers to evaluate the disease states and differentiate from other autoimmune conditions are yet to be resolved [97]. Thus, using an antibody-based leukocytecapture microarray, mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood of 60 SLE patients were processed for obtaining proteomic patterns to distinguish SLE from healthy subjects.…”