Current assessment of the (dys)function of macrophages in endometriosis and its associated pain

Brunty, Sarah; Santanam, Nalini

doi:10.21037/atm.2019.12.119

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of endometriosis has been well-established by our studies [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] and other researchers who have confirmed the presence of elevated oxidative stress markers in comparison to control groups [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. This relationship is particularly important as oxidative stress has been implicated in various disease processes and may be responsible for local tissue destruction in endometriosis [ 52 ].…”

Section: Endometriosis and Oxidative Stresssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Macrophages have a proposed role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated chronic pain. During endometriosis, higher numbers of macrophages are recruited to the peritoneal cavity (PC), which may be in response to retrograde menstruation or the presence of endometrial cells undergoing apoptosis [ 48 ]. These white blood cells are upregulated and activated to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins which activate nerves and trigger the upregulation of nociceptive transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels [ 92 , 94 ].…”

Section: Endometriosis and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macrophage secretion products can also recruit other immune cells to the site of “tissue injury” which results in the establishment of a chronic inflammatory milieu in the PC [ 48 , 92 ]. Macrophages have been implicated in other processes such as angiogenesis, promoting cellular proliferation of ectopic lesions, and modulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) which enhances nerve sensitization and increased pain scores in endometriosis animal models [ 92 , 94 , 99 ].…”

Section: Endometriosis and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been well-established that lipid peroxides such as oxidized-low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs) are pro-inflammatory and are elevated in the PF of women with endometriosis creating an oxidative stress microenvironment [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 109 ]. Oxidized-LDLs increase due to inflammation in the microenvironment, and they function to induce the expression of chemotactic factor monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) [ 48 , 78 ].…”

Section: Endometriosis and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain

et al. 2022

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Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder seen in women and is characterized by chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This disorder is becoming more prevalent with increased morbidity. The etiology of endometriosis remains to be fully elucidated, which will lead to improved therapeutic options. In this review, we will evaluate the biochemical mechanisms leading to oxidative stress and their implication in the pathophysiology of endometriosis, as well as potential treatments that target these processes. A comprehensive exploration of previous research revealed that endometriosis is associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and oxidation products, decreased antioxidants and detoxification enzymes, and dysregulated iron metabolism. High levels of oxidative stress contributed to inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, which may explain its role in endometriosis. Endometriosis-associated pain was attributed to neurogenic inflammation and a feed-forward mechanism involving macrophages, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pain-inducing prostaglandins. N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, melatonin, and combined vitamin C and E supplementation displayed promising results for the treatment of endometriosis, but further research is needed for their use in this population.

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Section: Endometriosis and Oxidative Stresssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Endometriosis and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endometriosis and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endometriosis and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain

et al. 2022

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“…That study showed a 43% reduction in pain compared to placebo recipients. 26 Durak et al investigated the effect of vitamin C at doses of 0.5, 1.25 and 2.5 mg on induced endometriosis cysts in rats. The weight and volume of cysts treated at a dose of 2.5 mg were reduced significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of antioxidant therapy (vitamin C) in an experimentally induced mouse model of ovarian endometriosis

Hoorsan

Simbar

Tehrani

et al. 2022

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Objectives: This study investigates the therapeutic effect of vitamin C on the development of endometrial lesions and fecundity disorders in the ovarian induction model of mouse endometriosis. Methods: Ovarian endometriosis was surgically induced in 14 NMRI female mice (treatment group, N = 7) and (control group, N = 7). Three days after the second surgery (to assess endometriotic implant), the mice were randomized into two intervention groups: control (placebo) and treatment (50 mg/kg vitamin C every two days orally for four weeks) groups. In the oestrus phase, the mice were sacrificed. In macroscopic assessment, endometriotic implants were evaluated in size, volume, weight, growth score and adhesion score. The microscopic assessment examined the ovarian tissue (the number of antral follicles, corpus luteum and atretic follicles) and endometriotic lesion (histologic and trichrome fibrosis scores). Results: Post-treatment implant volume, growth score, adhesion extent score and adhesion severity score were significantly lower in the treatment group (vitamin C) in comparison with the control group (placebo) (p < 0.0001). The difference between the median weight of endometriotic implants, epithelialization of implant tissue, trichrome fibrosis scores and follicle number in the two groups (treatment and control) was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Atretic follicles were significantly decreased after vitamin C therapy (p < 0.05). Although the numbers of corpus luteum seemed to be more preserved in specimens from the control group, there was no statistical significance between the two groups’ histological scores. Conclusion: As a result, we may imply that vitamin C has a significant effect on reducing the induction and growth of endometrial implants, improving the fecundity function of ovaries, and consequently prevention of endometriosis-associated cancers. Further research is needed to improve targeted interventions resulting in the prevention and treatment of human endometriosis.

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The Role of Quercetin for the Treatment of Endometriosis and Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Chaichian,

Nikfar,

Arbabi Bidgoli

et al. 2025

CMC

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Endometrial glands and stroma can be seen outside the uterine cavity in endometriosis, a gynecological disorder linked to estrogen dependency. Hormonal therapies, surgical excision, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy are among the traditional endometriosis treatments, however, various side effects limit their efficacy. Therefore, it is vital to research complementary and alternative therapeutic modalities to decrease the side effects of conventional therapies. While the search for the best endometriosis treatment continues, the focus is being paid to the assistance provided by polyphenols, notably quercetin. A broad spectrum of health-improving benefits of quercetin includes interactions with endometriosis-related molecular targets such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasiveness, inflammation, and oxidative stress. According to already-known research, medicines that mimic the physiological effects of quercetin are good candidates for creating novel endometriosis therapies. This review aims to comprehensively review quercetin's potential as a non-pharmacological treatment for endometriosis by interacting with several cellular and molecular targets.

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Current assessment of the (dys)function of macrophages in endometriosis and its associated pain

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain

Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain

The effectiveness of antioxidant therapy (vitamin C) in an experimentally induced mouse model of ovarian endometriosis

The Role of Quercetin for the Treatment of Endometriosis and Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

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