Current challenges and nanotechnology-based pharmaceutical strategies for the treatment and control of malaria

Gujjari, Lohitha; Kalani, Hamed; Pindiprolu, Sai Kiran S. S.; Arakareddy, Bhanu Prakash; Yadagiri, Ganesh

doi:10.1016/j.parepi.2022.e00244

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…Currently, new trends such as nanotechnological approaches have been innovative antiparasitic agents (20). Since particles of nanoscale size exhibit unique properties that are distinct from both isolated atoms and bulk material, nanoparticles are attractive agents for the treatment of numerous parasite diseases (21,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles to rescue coccidiosis-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in the jejunum of mice

et al. 2023

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One of the most crucial approaches for treating human diseases, particularly parasite infections, is nanomedicine. One of the most significant protozoan diseases that impact farm and domestic animals is coccidiosis. While, amprolium is one of the traditional anticoccidial medication, the advent of drug-resistant strains of Eimeria necessitates the development of novel treatments. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Bio-SeNPs) using Azadirachta indica leaves extract might treat mice with Eimeria papillata infection in the jejunal tissue. Five groups of seven mice each were used, as follows: Group 1: Non-infected-non-treated (negative control). Group 2: Non-infected treated group with Bio-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg of body weight). Groups 3-5 were orally inoculated with 1×103 sporulated oocysts of E. papillata. Group 3: Infected-non-treated (positive control). Group 4: Infected and treated group with Bio-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg). Group 5: Infected and treated group with the Amprolium. Groups 4 and 5 daily received oral administration (for 5 days) of Bio-SeNPs and anticoccidial medication, respectively, after infection. Bio-SeNPs caused a considerable reduction in oocyst output in mice feces (97.21%). This was also accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of developmental parasitic stages in the jejunal tissues. Glutathione reduced (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were dramatically reduced by the Eimeria parasite, whereas, nitric oxide (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels were markedly elevated. The amount of goblet cells and MUC2 gene expression were used as apoptotic indicators, and both were considerably downregulated by infection. However, infection markedly increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and the apoptotic genes (Caspase-3 and BCL2). Bio-SeNPs were administrated to mice to drastically lower body weight, oxidative stress, and inflammatory and apoptotic indicators in the jejunal tissue. Our research thus showed the involvement of Bio-SeNPs in protecting mice with E. papillata infections against jejunal damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles to rescue coccidiosis-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in the jejunum of mice

et al. 2023

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“…This has revolutionized the therapeutic approach not only by improving patient compliance, cost effectiveness but also the ability to tailor them per the target requirement since it can enable a constant‐release of drug directly at the target location. [ 276 , 277 ] For example, Zhao et al have developed a ferritin nanozyme (Fenozyme) composed of recombinant human ferritin (HFn) protein shells that specifically target BBB ECs which has shown to significantly ameliorate the parasite induced BBB damage and improve the survivability of their experimental CM mouse model. This can be attributed to the inner Fe 3 O 4 nanozyme core that displays ROS‐scavenging catalase‐like activity.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Diagnosis and Treatment Of Cerebral Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Malaria and Neuronal Implications ofPlasmodium FalciparumInfection: From Mechanisms to Advanced Models

2022

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Reorganization of host red blood cells by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum enables their sequestration via attachment to the microvasculature. This artificially increases the dwelling time of the infected red blood cells within inner organs such as the brain, which can lead to cerebral malaria. Cerebral malaria is the deadliest complication patients infected with P. falciparum can experience and still remains a major public health concern despite effective antimalarial therapies. Here, the current understanding of the effect of P. falciparum cytoadherence and their secreted proteins on structural features of the human blood-brain barrier and their involvement in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria are highlighted. Advanced 2D and 3D in vitro models are further assessed to study this devastating interaction between parasite and host. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to neuronal and cognitive deficits in cerebral malaria will be pivotal in devising new strategies to treat and prevent blood-brain barrier dysfunction and subsequent neurological damage in patients with cerebral malaria. MalariaMalaria is an ancient mosquito-borne disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. According to the latest World Malaria Report published by the World Health

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“…The first evidence of resistance to ACTs was reported back in 2009 in the Thai/Cambodia border region (Samarasekera, 2009), and it has been detected in Africa (Uwimana et al, 2020), and South America (Mathieu et al, 2020). To overcome this problem, there is a critical need to develop innovative, cost-effective, nontoxic, and efficient drug delivery approaches with low propensity to stimulate the emergence of drug resistance (Gujjari et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotherapeutics against malaria: A decade of advancements in experimental models

Avalos‐Padilla,

Fernàndez‐Busquets

2024

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Malaria, caused by different species of protists of the genus Plasmodium, remains among the most common causes of death due to parasitic diseases worldwide, mainly for children aged under 5. One of the main obstacles to malaria eradication is the speed with which the pathogen evolves resistance to the drug schemes developed against it. For this reason, it remains urgent to find innovative therapeutic strategies offering sufficient specificity against the parasite to minimize resistance evolution and drug side effects. In this context, nanotechnology‐based approaches are now being explored for their use as antimalarial drug delivery platforms due to the wide range of advantages and tuneable properties that they offer. However, major challenges remain to be addressed to provide a cost‐efficient and targeted therapeutic strategy contributing to malaria eradication. The present work contains a systematic review of nanotechnology‐based antimalarial drug delivery systems generated during the last 10 years.This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease

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Current challenges and nanotechnology-based pharmaceutical strategies for the treatment and control of malaria

Cited by 32 publications

References 121 publications

Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles to rescue coccidiosis-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in the jejunum of mice

Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles to rescue coccidiosis-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in the jejunum of mice

Cerebral Malaria and Neuronal Implications ofPlasmodium FalciparumInfection: From Mechanisms to Advanced Models

Nanotherapeutics against malaria: A decade of advancements in experimental models

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