Current Developments and Future Directions for Seismic Risk Analysis of Highway Systems

Werner, Stuart D.

doi:10.1061/40687(2003)86

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Another interesting methodology for measuring the global road network performance after earthquakes is implemented in REDARS (Risks from Earthquake DAmage to Roadway Systems) that is a multi-disciplinary tool for seismic risk analysis (SRA) of highway systems (Werner et al, 2006). Once defined the region of interest the seismic hazard is evaluated and the resulting damage states for each component of the system considering damage extend, type and location.…”

Section: Seismic Risk Analysis For Transportation System (Redars)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…highway open L(Chang and Nojima, 2001); Travel time as measure of level of satisfaction Total distance-based accessibility D(Chang and Nojima, 2001);Number of fatalities as measure of user riskBocchini and Frangopol (2011) Overhead percentage (fixed costs/total costs) as indicator of road administration's cost-effectiveness REDARS(Werner et al 2006) Roughness (IRI is widely used indicator) related to pavement quality, travel cost and user satisfaction States of bridges Satisfaction with the road system as indicator of road users overall satisfaction ……”

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confidence: 99%

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The State of Art of Community Resilience of Physical Infrastructures

Cimellaro

Renschler

Frazier

et al. 2011

Structures Congress 2011

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The concept of Disaster Resilience has received considerable attention in recent years and it is increasingly used as an approach for understanding the dynamics of natural disaster systems. The goal of this paper has two distinct tasks: (i) conduct a literature survey analyzing asset-based approaches for defining and measuring disaster resilience for physical infrastructures that is one of the seven dimensions of the PEOPLES Resilience Framework; (ii) identify the gaps between asset-based approaches and community-scale approaches. It is offered an overview of the models developed in literature to quantify resilience and performances of electric power, water, wastewater and natural gas utilities; communication companies and transportation networks as well as health care facilities. Discussion will be added related to strengths and weakness on how these approaches could facilitate the comparison of alternative resilience options/strategies and measure the speed with which disruptions can be overcome and community functions restored. A new geographic approach will be introduced to measure community resilience, focusing on spatial, temporal scale of resilience.

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Section: Seismic Risk Analysis For Transportation System (Redars)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Art of Community Resilience of Physical Infrastructures

Cimellaro

Renschler

Frazier

et al. 2011

Structures Congress 2011

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“…While structural engineers have traditionally focused on individual components (bridges, for example) of transportation networks for design, retrofit, and analysis, it has become increasingly apparent that the economic costs to society after extreme earthquake events are caused at least as much from indirect costs as direct costs due to individual structures [4]. Quantifying direct and indirect costs requires a system-level approach [5,6] and is a difficult task. Not only is the earthquake hazard in a geographically distributed system such as a transportation network uncertain, but also damage to structures within the network, as well as consequences arising from this damage and loss of functionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐earthquake bridge repair cost and repair time estimation methodology

Mackie

Wong

Stojadinović

2009

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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SUMMARYWhile structural engineers have traditionally focused on individual components (bridges, for example) of transportation networks for design, retrofit, and analysis, it has become increasingly apparent that the economic costs to society after extreme earthquake events are caused at least as much from indirect costs as direct costs due to individual structures. This paper describes an improved methodology for developing probabilistic estimates of repair costs and repair times that can be used for evaluating the performance of new bridge design options and existing bridges in preparation for the next major earthquake. The proposed approach in this paper is an improvement on previous bridge loss modeling studies-it is based on the local linearization of the dependence between repair quantities and damage states so that the resulting model follows a linear relationship between damage states and repair points. The methodology uses the concept of performance groups (PGs) that account for damage and repair of individual bridge components and subassemblies. The method is validated using two simple examples that compare the proposed method to simulation and previous methods based on loss models using a power-law relationship between repair quantities and damage. In addition, an illustration of the method is provided for a complete study on the performance of a common five-span overpass bridge structure in California. Intensity-dependent repair cost ratios (RCRs) and repair times are calculated using the proposed approach, as well as plots that show the disaggregation of repair cost by repair quantity and by PG. This provides the decision maker with a higher fidelity of data when evaluating the contribution of different bridge components to the performance of the bridge system, where performance is evaluated in terms of repair costs and repair times rather than traditional engineering quantities such as displacements and stresses.

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“…Fragility curves for bridges in their retrofitted condition provide a number of advantages and opportunities for bridge owners. This includes offering tools to evaluate alternative retrofit measures for bridges, assess the regional risk to an inventory comprised of as-built and retrofitted structures [1][2][3], or perform probabilistic return on investment examinations. Regardless of the ultimate application of such tools, fragility curves for retrofitted bridges are critical pieces of the risk and reliability assessment of bridges exposed to the seismic hazard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the development of analytical fragility curves for retrofitted bridges

Padgett

DesRoches

2008

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

370

126

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SUMMARYFragility curves for retrofitted bridges indicate the influence of various retrofit measures on the probability of achieving specified levels of damage. This paper presents an analytical methodology for developing fragility curves for classes of retrofitted bridge systems. The approach captures the impact of retrofit on the vulnerability of multiple components, which to date has not been adequately addressed, and results in a comparison of the system fragility before and after the application of different retrofit measures. Details presented include analytical modeling, uncertainty treatment, impact of retrofit on demand models, capacity estimates, and component and system fragility curves. The findings indicate the importance of evaluating the impact of retrofit not only on the targeted response quantity and component vulnerability but also on the overall bridge fragility. As illustrated by the case study of a retrofitted multi-span continuous (MSC) concrete girder bridge class, a given retrofit measure may have a positive impact on some components, yet no impact or a negative impact on other critical components. Consideration of the fragility based only on individual retrofitted components, without regard for the system, may lead to over-estimation or under-estimation of the impact on the bridge fragility. The proposed methodology provides an opportunity to effectively compare the fragility of the MSC concrete bridge retrofit with a range of different retrofit measures. The most effective retrofit in reducing probable damage for a given intensity is a function of the damage state of interest.

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Current Developments and Future Directions for Seismic Risk Analysis of Highway Systems

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

The State of Art of Community Resilience of Physical Infrastructures

The State of Art of Community Resilience of Physical Infrastructures

Post‐earthquake bridge repair cost and repair time estimation methodology

Methodology for the development of analytical fragility curves for retrofitted bridges

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