Current Distribution and Input Impedance of an Insulated Linear Antenna in an Anisotropic Plasma

Wave Number and Input Impedance of a VLF Insulated Linear Antenna in an Anisotropic Ionosphere

“…e imaginary part of the current for the insulated antenna in the anisotropic ionosphere is comparable to that of the real part. By comparing Figure 5(a) with Figure 5(b), one can find that the driving-point current reduces as the thickness of the insulation layer increases, which may further cause the decrease of the radiation efficiency of the antenna and agrees with analytical results in [26]. Whereas the current waveform does not simply exhibit a near-triangular shape and the current distribution of an insulated antenna is sensitive to the insulation thickness, which are contrary to analytical results in [26].…”

“…e working frequency is f � 11.3 kHz. e relative permittivity of the insulation layer is ε II � 2.32. o and solid line denote the analytical result in [26] and solution in this paper, respectively. e wave numbers computed with the two methods are in good agreement.…”

“…In 2019, He et al analytically studied the current distribution and input impedance of a VLF linear bare antenna in an anisotropic plasma [5,25]. In 2020, Zeng et al analytically researched effects of the insulation thickness on the current distribution and input impedance of an insulated linear antenna in an anisotropic plasma [26]. In 2021, Bouknia et al theoretically studied the input impedance and electromagnetic field distribution of a dipole antenna printed on an electrical/ magnetic uniaxial anisotropic substrate by using the method of moments [27].…”

“…In 2021, Bouknia et al theoretically studied the input impedance and electromagnetic field distribution of a dipole antenna printed on an electrical/ magnetic uniaxial anisotropic substrate by using the method of moments [27]. e introduction of the anisotropy makes the electric field and electric current of an insulated antenna in the anisotropic ionosphere very complex and difficult to solve [5,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. erefore, King's antenna theory [18] is employed and developed in this paper.…”

Propagation characteristics of very low frequency vortex electromagnetic waves in an anisotropic ionosphere

“…The very low frequency (VLF, 3-30 kHz) electromagnetic (EM) waves with low attenuation have been applied in the submarine communication, ionospheric remote sensing, and geospace environment monitoring. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Umbrella antenna array, trailing antenna, and dipole antenna are common VLF antennas. The available ground-based VLF communication stations with high cost occupy too large area and are difficult to be repaired in a short time once damaged.…”