Current Evidence of Chinese Herbal Constituents with Effects on NMDA Receptor Blockade

Liang, Willmann; Lam, Wai Ping; Tang, Hong; Leung, Ping Chung; Yew, David T.

doi:10.3390/ph6081039

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…Chinese herbal medicine, together with acupuncture, autonomy, and Chinese massage are called traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies. Recently, TCM supports insightful strategies in treating neurologic diseases, and a variety of active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine have been proven to specifically modulate glutamate targets for improving neurologic disorders [ 9 - 11 ]. To completely overview the effects of these natural constituents on neurological diseases through regulating glutamate signaling, we gathered the relevant literature since 2000, and a majority of these studies were concentrated around the last three years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Herbal Medicine Interventions in Neurological Disorder Therapeutics by Regulating Glutamate Signaling

Liu

Wang

Kan

et al. 2020

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Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its signaling is critical for excitatory synaptic transmission. The well-established glutamate system involves glutamate synthesis, presynaptic glutamate release, glutamate actions on the ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors) and metabotropic glutamate receptors, and glutamate uptake by glutamate transporters. When the glutamate system becomes dysfunctional, it contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, epilepsy, and ischemic stroke. In this review, based on regulating glutamate signaling, we summarize the effects and underlying mechanisms of natural constituents from Chinese herbal medicines on neurological disorders. Natural constituents from Chinese herbal medicine can prevent the glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity via suppressing presynaptic glutamate release, decreasing ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors expression in the excitatory synapse, and promoting astroglial glutamate transporter expression to increase glutamate clearance from the synaptic cleft. However, some natural constituents from Chinese herbal medicine have the ability to restore the collapse of excitatory synapses by promoting presynaptic glutamate release and increasing ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors expression. These regulatory processes involve various signaling pathways, which lead to different mechanistic routes of protection against neurological disorders. Hence, our review addresses the underlying mechanisms of natural constituents from Chinese herbal medicines that regulate glutamate systems and serve as promising agents for the treatment of the above-mentioned neurological disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Herbal Medicine Interventions in Neurological Disorder Therapeutics by Regulating Glutamate Signaling

Liu

Wang

Kan

et al. 2020

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“…The iridoids possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-angiogenesis, neuroprotection and cardiovascular protection (47). The iridoids from Radix Scrophulariae have been identified as the active class of compounds with the neuroprotective effect (48). There are a number of previous studies demonstrating that early administration of extracts from natural plants may improve cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and neurological function (49–51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridoid glycosides from Radix Scrophulariae attenuates focal cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress‑mediated neuronal apoptosis in rats

et al. 2019

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iridoid glycosides of radix Scrophulariae (iGrS) are a group of the major bioactive components from radix Scrophulariae with extensive pharmacological activities. The present study investigated the effects of iGrS on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (ciri) and explored its potential mechanisms of action. a ciri model in rats was established by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 90 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Prior to surgery, 30, 60 or 120 mg/kg iGrS was administered to the rats once a day for 7 days. Then, the neurological scores, brain edema and volume of the cerebral infarction were measured. The apoptosis index was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated duTP nick end labeling. The effects of iGrS on the histopathology of the cortex in brain tissues and the endoplasmic reticulum ultrastructure in the hippocampus were analyzed. Finally, the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (erS)-regulating mediators, endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP (GrP78), dna damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (cHoP) and caspase-12, were detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rT-qPcr) and western blot analysis. The volume of cerebral infarction and brain water content in the iGrS-treated groups treated at doses of 60 and 120 mg/kg were decreased significantly compared with the Model group. The neurological scores were also significantly decreased in the IGRS-treated groups. IGRS treatment effectively decreased neuronal apoptosis resulting from ciri-induced neuron injury. in addition, the histopathological damage and the endoplasmic reticulum ultrastructure injury were partially improved in ciri rats following iGrS treatment. rT-qPcr and western blot analysis data indicated that iGrS significantly decreased the expression levels of GrP78, cHoP and caspase-12 at both mrna and protein levels. The results of the present study demonstrated that iGrS exerted a protective effect against ciri in brain tissue via the inhibition of apoptosis and erS. Abbreviations: iGrS, iridoid glycosides from radix Scrophulariae; ciri, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; erS, endoplasmic reticulum stress * contributed equally Key words: iridoid glycosides from Radix Scrophulariae, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis cHen et al: neuroProTecTiVe eFFecTS oF iGrS on erS-induced neuronal aPoPToSiS in ciri raTS 132

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“…NMDA-R activity has been linked to numerous herbs and their constituents that have been shown to improve memory, cognition, and protect the nervous system 29 . Curcumin extracted from Curcuma longa L. showed inhibitory properties against NMDA activation in rat retinal neurons.…”

Section: Herbs In Modulating Nmda-r Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of NMDA Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Potential NMDA Receptor Blockers from Medicinal Plants - A Review

Prasanth¹,

Pandian

Balasubramanian³

2021

AJPRHC

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<p>Alzheimer’s disease is responsible for 60-70 percent of dementia cases worldwide. Globally, there are 24.3 million cases. Researchers have attempted to develop multi-target medications to suppress several mechanisms in Alzheimer’ Disease, like protein mis-folding and related beta amyloid aggregation, oxidative stress, and decreasing Acetyl choline levels. NMDA-mediated neurotoxicity is often linked to cognitive impairment, as shown in Alzheimer’s disease. NMDA receptors found to have to connection with beta amyloid peptide and tau protein deposition which are major characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease. NMDA receptor antagonists are a viable therapy option for a many neurological disorders, as well as Alzheimer’s disease. Currently, majority of the drugs used in the management of Alzheimer’s disease are Acetyl choline Esterase inhibitors. Memantine is the only approved NMDA blocker, to be used in Alzheimer’s disease, which is found to be effective only to a certain extend. There is a need for better therapeutic agents belonging to this class. This paper intends to provide a rapid reference about the involvement of NMDA receptors in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as phyto constituents that have been identified to inhibit NMDA receptors.</p>

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Current Evidence of Chinese Herbal Constituents with Effects on NMDA Receptor Blockade

Cited by 9 publications

References 85 publications

Chinese Herbal Medicine Interventions in Neurological Disorder Therapeutics by Regulating Glutamate Signaling

Chinese Herbal Medicine Interventions in Neurological Disorder Therapeutics by Regulating Glutamate Signaling

Iridoid glycosides from Radix Scrophulariae attenuates focal cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress‑mediated neuronal apoptosis in rats

Role of NMDA Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Potential NMDA Receptor Blockers from Medicinal Plants - A Review

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