Current Hypothesis for the Relationship between Dietary Rice Bran Intake, the Intestinal Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer Prevention

So, Winnie K.W.; Law, Ben M. F.; Law, Patrick Tik Wan; Chan, Carmen Wing Han; Chair, Sek Ying

doi:10.3390/nu8090569

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The increased occurrence of colorectal cancer in several countries may reflect the increase in risk factors of this cancer, such as unhealthy diet (Center, Jemal, Smith, & Ward, ). In addition, intestinal microbial dysbiosis, the change in population size of certain bacterial species, also plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis (So, Law, Law, & Chan, ). Some researchers have indicated that modulation of gut microbiota positively affects the interaction between microbiota and immune system and may be beneficial in suppressing colorectal carcinogenesis (Ambalam, Raman, Purama, & Doble, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinated brown rice combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis in rats

Lin

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Colorectal cancer is a common cancer strongly associated with diet. Certain probiotics and prebiotics possess an inhibitory activity against colorectal cancer, while synbiotics may be more effective in preventing this cancer than either prebiotics or probiotics alone. Germinated brown rice (GBR) is considered as a candidate prebiotics with anticancer potential. However, the effect of GBR combined with probiotics on colorectal cancer is not clear. The present study investigated the preventive effect of combination of GBR and Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, or both on colorectal carcinogenesis and the possible mechanism in rats treated with 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). DMH/DSS treatment induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and mucin‐depleted foci (MDF), reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 expression, and decreased the expression of pro‐apoptotic p53, Bax, and caspase‐3 in the colon. Germinated brown rice alone or combined with probiotics inhibited the formation of MDF in the middle colon, enhanced the colonic expression of p53 and Bax, and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2. Combined treatment of GBR and probiotics inhibited the formation of ACF‐producing sialomucin (SIM‐ACF) and recovered the activity of SOD in the colon. Combination of GBR and L. acidophilus further increased caspase‐3 expression and decreased Bcl‐2 expression. These findings suggest that GBR combined with L. acidophilus and/or B. animalis subsp. lactis may inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis by enhancing antioxidative capacity and inducing apoptosis. This synbiotics may be a potential functional food or chemopreventive agent for controlling colorectal cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinated brown rice combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis in rats

Lin

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…Overall, the search yielded 498 articles, and 320 remained for further evaluation after 178 duplicated articles were excluded. Of the 23 full‐text reports remaining after title and abstract screening, four studies (Denova‐Gutierrez, Hernandez‐Ramirez, & Lopez‐Carrillo, ; Karagulle, Fidan, Kavgaci, & Ozdemir, ; Terry, Lagergren, Ye, Wolk, & Nyren, ; Wang et al., ) without available OR and 95% CI were ruled out, and another eight studies (Fraser, ; Gil, Ortega, & Maldonado, ; Jansen et al., ; Lafiandra, Riccardi, & Shewry, ; McCullough et al., ; Shamberger, Tytko, & Willis, ; So, Law, Law, Chan, & Chair, ; Vanamala, Massey, Pinnamaneni, Reddivari, & Reardon, ) were not included because they did not investigate cereal or grain consumption and GC risk. After this review, 11 observational studies evaluating the risk of GC remained for the analysis (Buckland et al., ; Chatenoud et al., ; Chen et al., ; De Stefani et al., ; Kasum, Jacobs, Nicodemus, & Folsom, ; Lissowska et al., ; Lucenteforte et al., ; Ramón, Serra, Cerdó, & Oromí, ; Wang et al., ; Ward, ; Zhang et al., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of whole grain, refined grain, and cereal consumption with gastric cancer risk: A meta‐analysis of observational studies

Yang

Li³

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Many studies have analyzed the relationship between cereal, whole, or refined grain and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and have yielded mixed results. Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis of observational studies to summarize the available evidence on this topic. Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies focusing on these associations from inception to October 2017. Summary odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by using either a random‐ or fixed‐effect model according to the between‐studies heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was also performed. In total, eleven studies that included 530,176 participants were identified. In a pooled analysis of all studies, cereal exposure was not associated with GC risk (OR, 1.11, 95%CI, 0.85–1.36). Specific analyses indicated that whole grain consumption was associated with decreased GC risk (OR, 0.61, 95%CI, 0.40–0.83) and that refined grain consumption was associated with increased GC risk (OR, 1.65, 95%CI, 1.36–1.94). Higher whole grain and lower refined grain intake but not cereal consumption reduces GC risk. This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03419663).

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“…Given that dietary rice bran intake has been previously shown to promote beneficial stool microbial communities, such as native gut probiotics in mice 23, 62 , pigs 21,22,29 and adults 25,63,64 , we first evaluated significant genus level taxa differences between rice bran and control fed infants at 8 months and 12 months of age from both countries. In Nicaragua, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcaceae and Veillonella were identified as responsive following rice bran consumption compared to an age and control matched group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice bran supplementation modulates growth, microbiome and metabolome in weaning infants: a clinical trial in Nicaragua and Mali

Zambrana

McKeen

Ibrahim

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Rice bran supplementation provides nutrients, prebiotics and phytochemicals that enhance gut immunity, reduce enteric pathogens in mice and diarrhea in neonatal pigs, and warranted attention for improvement of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) in children at risk. EED is a condition that drives childhood stunting via intestinal dysbiosis and impaired nutrient metabolism. This study investigated effects of rice bran supplementation on growth, EED biomarkers, gut microbiome and metabolome in weaning infants from 6 to 12 months old in Nicaragua and Mali. Healthy infants were randomized to a control group or rice bran group that received daily supplementation at increasing doses each month. Stool microbiomes were characterized using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Stool metabolomes were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. Statistical comparisons were completed at 6, 8, and 12 months of age. Daily consumption of rice bran was safe and feasible for infant growth, decreasing alpha-1 antitrypsin levels, and modulating gut microbiome and metabolome when compared to control. Rice bran merits investigation as a practical intervention strategy that could decrease EED prevalence and risk for children from low- and middle-income countries where rice is grown as a staple food, and bran is used as animal feed or wasted.One Sentence SummaryDietary rice bran supplementation during infant weaning from 6-12 months of age improved growth outcomes, modulated environmental enteric dysfunction biomarkers, and supported metabolism by the gut microbiome.The authors declare no competing financial or non financial interests to disclose as defined by Nature Research. There are also no other interests that might be perceived to influence the results and/or discussion reported in this paper.Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Dr. Elizabeth Ryan (e.p.ryan@colostate.edu).

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Current Hypothesis for the Relationship between Dietary Rice Bran Intake, the Intestinal Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Cited by 28 publications

References 84 publications

Germinated brown rice combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis in rats

Germinated brown rice combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis in rats

Association of whole grain, refined grain, and cereal consumption with gastric cancer risk: A meta‐analysis of observational studies

Rice bran supplementation modulates growth, microbiome and metabolome in weaning infants: a clinical trial in Nicaragua and Mali

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