Germinated brown rice combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis in rats

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is a common cancer strongly associated with diet. Certain probiotics and prebiotics possess an inhibitory activity against colorectal cancer, while synbiotics may be more effective in preventing this cancer than either prebiotics or probiotics alone. Germinated brown rice (GBR) is considered as a candidate prebiotics with anticancer potential. However, the effect of GBR combined with probiotics on colorectal cancer is not clear. The present study investigated the preventive effect of combination of GBR and Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, or both on colorectal carcinogenesis and the possible mechanism in rats treated with 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). DMH/DSS treatment induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and mucin‐depleted foci (MDF), reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 expression, and decreased the expression of pro‐apoptotic p53, Bax, and caspase‐3 in the colon. Germinated brown rice alone or combined with probiotics inhibited the formation of MDF in the middle colon, enhanced the colonic expression of p53 and Bax, and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2. Combined treatment of GBR and probiotics inhibited the formation of ACF‐producing sialomucin (SIM‐ACF) and recovered the activity of SOD in the colon. Combination of GBR and L. acidophilus further increased caspase‐3 expression and decreased Bcl‐2 expression. These findings suggest that GBR combined with L. acidophilus and/or B. animalis subsp. lactis may inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis by enhancing antioxidative capacity and inducing apoptosis. This synbiotics may be a potential functional food or chemopreventive agent for controlling colorectal cancer.

Synbiotic Combination of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) and Lactobacillus acidophilus Inhibits Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats

“…After treatment with L. acidophilus (10 9 cfu/day) and dietary fiber (consisting of 90% inulin and 10% oligofructose) for four weeks, the content of L. acidophilus in the feces was significantly increased compared to the placebo group, which confirmed that synbiotics can modulate the intestinal microflora [43]. A preliminary study in our laboratory demonstrated that the combination of probiotic L. acidophilus and germinated brown rice rich in dietary fiber suppressed DMH/DSS-induced colonic precancerous lesions via regulation of antioxidation and apoptosis in rats [44]. These findings suggest that such a synbiotic combination may be a potential functional food or chemopreventive agent for the control of CRC [44].…”

“…A preliminary study in our laboratory demonstrated that the combination of probiotic L. acidophilus and germinated brown rice rich in dietary fiber suppressed DMH/DSS-induced colonic precancerous lesions via regulation of antioxidation and apoptosis in rats [44]. These findings suggest that such a synbiotic combination may be a potential functional food or chemopreventive agent for the control of CRC [44]. Meanwhile, the present study proved that the combination of djulis and a high dose of L. acidophilus improved DMH/DSS-induced reduction of L. acidophilus in feces.…”

The Role of Probiotics in Colorectal Cancer Management

“…e supplementation of probiotics and GBR protects the CRC rat by increasing the expression of p53, Bax, caspase-3, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and restored the SOD activity. e results suggested that GBR and probiotic supplementation improved the antioxidant machinery of the host system and induced the apoptosis in tumor cells [49].…”

“…Lin et al [49] revealed that the supplementation of L. acidophilus LA5 and/or B. animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (5 × 10 7 CFU of single probiotic strain/day or 2.5 × 10 7 CFU each strain/day) and germinated brown rice extract (GBR; 10% in diet) for 10 weeks reduced the mucin-depleted foci formation, ACF-producing sialomucin and expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced CRC rat model.…”

An Updated Overview on Nanonutraceuticals: Focus on Nanoprebiotics and Nanoprobiotics

“…Some of the reported beneficial effects of probiotics in human health include anticancer [99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111], anti-allergic [112,113], anti-diabetic [114][115][116], anti-obesity [117][118][119][120], anti-pathogenic [121,122], immunomodulatory [123], and anti-inflammatory [124][125][126][127] activities [128], as reported in Table 1.…”