Current induced surface diffusion on a single-crystalline silver nanowire

Kaspers, M R; Bernhart, A.; Bobisch, C. A.; Möller, R.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/23/20/205706

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Phenomenologically the overall effect of EM can be described as a thermally assisted transfer of electron energy (and momentum) to individual atoms (wind force) [18,21], but the issue of relative contributions is still under debate, although detailed theories have been developed [1,[22][23][24][25]. Contrary to polycrystalline material, for single crystalline Ag wires surface diffusion turned out to play the dominant role rather than grain boundary diffusion [26]. In this case a net mass transport opposite to the electron flow direction, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromigration and morphological changes in Ag nanostructures

Chatterjee

Bai

Edler

et al. 2018

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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Electromigration (EM) as a structuring tool was investigated in Ag nanowires (width 300 nm, thickness 25 nm) and partly in notched and bow-tie Ag structures on a Si(1 0 0) substrate in ultra-high vacuum using a four-tip scanning tunneling microscope in combination with a scanning electron microscope. From simulations of Ag nanowires we got estimates of temperature profiles, current density profiles, EM and thermal migration (TM) mass flux distributions within the nanowire induced by critical current densities of 10 A cm. At room temperature, the electron wind force at these current densities by far dominates over thermal diffusion, and is responsible for formation of voids at the cathode and hillocks at the anode side. For current densities that exceed the critical current densities necessary for EM, a new type of wire-like structure formation was found both at room temperature and at 100 K for notched and bow-tie structures. This suggests that the simultaneous action of EM and TM is structure forming, but with a very small influence of TM at low temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromigration and morphological changes in Ag nanostructures

Chatterjee

Bai

Edler

et al. 2018

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…To date, individual single crystalline Ag NWs have been used as model systems to analyze electron transport and scattering mechanisms 6 as well as to study the effect of electromigration. 7 However, thermal transport measurements on Ag NWs were carried out only on ensembles of polycrystalline Ag NWs embedded in polycarbonate. 8 These measurements indicated a reduced thermal conductivity whereas grain boundary scattering dominated surface scattering due to grain sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties of individual silver nanowires

et al. 2015

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II. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS A. Synthesis of Ag NWsSynthesis of Ag NWs has been carried out by various procedures, such as template based 14,15 and soft solution methods. 16,17 Here, the Ag NWs were synthesized by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) with ethylene glycol (EG) in presence of copper dichloride dihydrate (CuCl 2 + 2 H 2 O) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The EG is used as solvent and reducing agent whereas the PVP is used as capping agent. 18 In the beginning, 10 mL of EG (Sigma-Aldrich, anhydrous 99.8 %) was heated in an oil bath at 151.5 ○ C for 1 h under continuous magnetic stirring at 260 rpm. Then, 80 µL of a 4 mM CuCl 2 + 2 H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.999 %)/EG solution was added to the preheated EG and stirred for another 15 min. Next, 3 mL of 0.282 mM PVP (Sigma-arXiv:1410

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“…The networks and the pathways formed by SNWs and SFs are responsible for the higher conductivity compared with the system only using SFs. Although it is beyond the scope of this work, it is worthwhile to note that the SFs/SNWs could be more stable under electrical current in comparison to the electrical networks formed solely by the SNWs, since the SNWs have small diameter and are subject to failures or breakup due to the joule heating effect or other instabilities. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is beyond the scope of this work, it is worthwhile to note that the SFs/SNWs could be more stable under electrical current in comparison to the electrical networks formed solely by the SNWs, since the SNWs have small diameter and are subject to failures or breakup due to the joule heating effect or other instabilities. 52,53 The durability of the bonded conductive layer on PDMS is a major concern for its potential application. To evaluate the durability, friction/scratch tests were performed by sliding a probe across the surfaces at different preloads.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durable Microstructured Surfaces: Combining Electrical Conductivity with Superoleophobicity

Pan

Wang

Sun

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this study, electrically conductive and superoleophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been fabricated through embedding Ag flakes (SFs) and Ag nanowires (SNWs) into microstructures of the trichloroperfluorooctylsilane (FDTS)-blended PDMS elastomer. Microstructured PDMS surfaces became conductive at the percolation surface coverage of 3.0 × 10(-2) mg/mm(2) for SFs; the highest conductivity was 1.12 × 10(5) S/m at the SFs surface coverage of 6.0 × 10(-2) mg/mm(2). A significant improvement of the conductivity (increased 3 times at the SNWs fraction of 11%) was achieved by using SNWs to replace some SFs because of the conductive pathways from the formed SNWs networks and its connections with SFs. These conductive fillers bonded strongly with microstructured FDTS-blended PDMS and retained surface properties under the sliding preload of 8.0 N. Stretching tests indicated that the resistance increased with the increasing strains and returned to its original state when the strain was released, showing highly stretchable and reversible electrical properties. Compared with SFs embedded surfaces, the resistances of SFs/SNWs embedded surfaces were less dependent on the strain because of bridging effect of SNWs. The superoleophobicity was achieved by the synergetic effect of surface modification through blending FDTS and the microstructures transferred from sand papers. The research findings demonstrate a simple approach to make the insulating elastomer to have the desired surface oleophobicity and electrical conductivity and help meet the needs for the development of conductive devices with microstructures and multifunctional properties.

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Current induced surface diffusion on a single-crystalline silver nanowire

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Electromigration and morphological changes in Ag nanostructures

Electromigration and morphological changes in Ag nanostructures

Temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties of individual silver nanowires

Durable Microstructured Surfaces: Combining Electrical Conductivity with Superoleophobicity

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