Current insights into the regulation of programmed cell death by NF-κB

Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells

“…NF-jB transcription factors have been demonstrated to be major regulators of apoptosis [34][35][36], and intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis is also important for the control of apoptosis [37]. In the RGV-infected FHM cells, both NF-jB activation and intracellular Ca 2+ increase were detected at different infection time.…”

Nuclear factor-κB and inhibitor of κB kinase pathways in oncogenic initiation and progression

“…Genes regulated by NF-kB that suppress apoptosis, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL (see Figure 1), are often expressed in human cancers. Given the strong association between NF-kB and the regulation of apoptosis (Burstein and Duckett, 2003;Kucharczak et al, 2003;Dutta et al, 2006), it is not surprising that many studies suggest that NF-kB controls the antiapoptotic mechanisms associated with oncogenesis. Experiments revealed that induction of expression of H-RasV12 in immortalized mouse fibroblasts leads to cellular transformation but not to apoptosis, and inhibition of NF-kB in H-RasV12-transformed cells by the expression of a 'super-repressor' degradation-resistant form of IkBa (IkBa-SR) is associated with high levels of apoptosis (Mayo et al, 1997;Baldwin, 2001), indicating that NF-kB provides a prosurvival function in the context of Ras-induced oncogenesis.…”

Inhibitors of NF-κB signaling: 785 and counting

“…For example, NF-kB complexes are known to play key roles in the inflammatory response, in the inhibition of apoptosis, and in cell proliferation, and as a consequence, mis-regulated, usually sustained, NF-kB activity also contributes to human disease states, including most chronic inflammatory diseases and many cancers (Pahl, 1999;Basse`res and Baldwin, 2006;Dutta et al, 2006;Hayden et al, 2006). Therefore, the identification of specific and potent inhibitors of NF-kB has been the goal of many researchers and pharmaceutical companies.…”