Current levels of DDT, PCB and trace elements in the Baltic ringed seals (Phoca hispida baltica) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus)

Nyman, Madeleine; Koistinen, Jaana; Fant, Marie Louise; Vartiainen, Terttu; Helle, Eero

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(01)00339-6

Cited by 77 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Thus, hepatic Se levels in grey seals from the Faroe Islands varied from 1.17 to 99.9 µg g -1 WW and were comparable to the high hepatic Se concentrations (ranging from 1.30 to 65.3 µg g -1 WW) in ringed seals from the western Canadian arctic (Wagemann et al 1996). High Se concentrations in liver have also been reported for grey seals from the Baltic Sea (2.7 to 79.2 µg g -1 WW) and from Sable Island (9.3 to 83 µg g -1 WW) (Nyman et al 2002). Cd and Hg concentrations are globally well documented in seals (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…1). Nyman et al (2002) also reported higher Cd concentrations in the liver and kidney of female grey seals from the Baltic Sea and from Sable Island. Similar gender differences in the Antarctic fur seal Arctocephallus gazella and the Baïkal seal Phoca sibirica were partly explained by different feeding habits of males and females (de Moreno et al 1997, Watanabe et al 1998.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…harp and ringed seals, that are traditionally hunted and which have been extensively studied for trace element and organic compound bioaccumulation (see review by Muir et al 1992), the grey seal has rarely been investigated, and then often using only a few individuals (Morris et al 1989, Frank et al 1992, Law et al 1992, Teigen et al 1999, Dam 2001, Nyman et al 2002. This is proba- bly because most grey seal populations either live in protected areas or are not traditionally hunted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Bustamante¹,

Morales²,

Mikkelsen³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Grey seals Halichoerus grypus were sampled in the Faroe Islands archipelago during the summers of 1993 to 1995. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Hg, Se and Zn were measured in the liver, kidney and muscle of 68 seals. All elements except Zn exhibited lowest concentrations in the muscle. The liver contained the highest concentrations of Cu, Hg, Se and Zn, while the kidney contained the highest Cd concentrations. However, trace element concentrations within the tissues were influenced by sex and age. Thus, females had clearly higher Cd concentrations than males. Age was the most important factor influencing the concentration of Cd, Hg and Se in the liver, and of Cd and Hg in the kidney. A strong positive correlation between Cd, Hg and Zn in the kidney suggests the presence of a detoxification process involving metallothionein proteins. Similarly, a strong positive correlation between Hg and Se and a molecular Hg:Se ratio close to 1 in the liver suggests a demethylation process leading to the formation of mercuric selenide granules. High Hg concentrations could be related to fish consumption by the grey seal, but a piscivorous diet could not be responsible for the very high Cd concentrations. This suggests that the seals' diet changes during the year, and may include a significant proportion of cephalopods in seasons other than summer. Finally very high Cd concentrations in grey seal tissues compared to other grey seal populations also suggest that the Faroe Islands are subject to sub-arctic influences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Bustamante¹,

Morales²,

Mikkelsen³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Exceptionally, high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1,1.trichloro-2,2-bis[p-chlorophenyl]ethane (DDT) and its metabolites were reported in the late 1960s and early 1970s (Helle, Olsson, & Jenssen, 1976;Jensen, Johnels, Olsson, & Otterlind, 1969). PCB and DDT levels have decreased since their peak levels in the 1980s, but they have decreased less rapidly in the ringed seals than in the grey seals (Nyman, Koistinen, Fant, Vartiainen, & Helle, 2002). PCB levels in ringed seals, in particular, are still high enough to threaten the well being of the animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of dietary organochlorines and vitamins in Baltic seals

Routti¹,

Nyman²,

Bäckman³

et al. 2005

Marine Environmental Research

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“…Although levels of certain compounds appear to have decreased after prohibition in many industrialized countries in the last two decades, the decrease today seems to have leveled off and high concentrations, especially in aquatic predators, are still of concern (Bignert et al 1998;Nyman et al 2002). Also, new POPs have replaced old ones and these new compounds are now found in increasing levels in aquatic environments (Rayne et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent organic pollutants in river food webs: influence of trophic position and degree of heterotrophy

Berglund

Nyström

Larsson³

2005

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Abstract:We investigated how the degree of autotrophy/heterotrophy and organism trophic position influenced the bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in 10 benthic river food webs consisting of terrestrial detritus, periphyton, invertebrates, and age-0 brown trout (Salmo trutta) in southern Sweden. Concentrations of PCBs increased with trophic position, estimated from δ 15 N and δ 13 C, on a dry weight basis (ng·g -1 dry weight) but not on a lipid weight basis (ng·g -1 lipid). PCB biomagnification factors between the first and second trophic levels (invertebrates/ periphyton and invertebrates/detritus) ranged between 0.3 and 2.3 and between the second and third levels (trout/invertebrates) between 0.3 and 2.0 on a lipid weight basis. The mean proportion of carbon ultimately derived from terrestrial sources, α, was 0.82 ± 0.19 for invertebrates and 0.67 ± 0.28 for trout. Contrary to our hypothesis, PCB concentrations in trout were positively related to α (r 2 = 0.58-0.77, p < 0.05). As α and the periphyton density (g Cqm -2 ) in the rivers was positively related (r 2 = 0.88, p < 0.01), we propose that this relationship was due to an increased retention and exposure of PCBs to trout in rivers with low grazing pressure and high periphyton density.

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Current levels of DDT, PCB and trace elements in the Baltic ringed seals (Phoca hispida baltica) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus)

Cited by 77 publications

References 43 publications

Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Trace element bioaccumulation in grey seals Halichoerus grypus from the Faroe Islands

Accumulation of dietary organochlorines and vitamins in Baltic seals

Persistent organic pollutants in river food webs: influence of trophic position and degree of heterotrophy

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