Current Management in a Hybrid Fuel Cell Power System: A Model-Predictive Control Approach

Vahidi, Ardalan; Stefanopoulou, Anna G.; Peng, Huei

doi:10.1109/tcst.2006.880199

Cited by 243 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In [47,48,51,52], reference/load governor approaches were proposed to restrict the current drawn from the fuel cell. Therefore the mass flow reference is changed according to the load governor.…”

Section: Choice For Pem Fuel Cell Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of an Ultrahigh-Speed Centrifugal Compressor for the Air Management of Fuel Cell Systems

Zhao

Blunier

Gao

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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Fuel cell is a power supply system, which takes advantage of the electro-chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen to produce electricity with water as its byproduct. Due to their lower pollution and high efficiency compared with fossil fuels, fuel cell systems are under extensive development for many power applications. Compared with high temperature fuel cells (such as molten carbonate fuel cells or solid oxide fuel cells), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is more suitable for automotive applications because of its low temperature working condition, thereby a fast startup.Air compressor supplying the oxygen to the stack is an important component in the fuel cell systems. The compressor can consumes up to 20 % of the generated power in the most severe cases. The selecting of the compressor and corresponding control are directly related to the performance of the fuel cell. The size and weight of the air compressor has to be reduced to make them more feasible for automotive applications. Moreover, the control of the air compression system is also an important issue, which affects the efficiency and the safety of the fuel cell. To avoid oxygen starvation of the stack, the mass flow of the supplied air has to be controlled appropriately according to the load demand. Meanwhile, the pressure should not have large deviations or ripples which may damage the stack membrane.In this thesis, the requirements to the compressor for fuel cell applications are discussed. And several kinds of compressor are compared, including positive displacement types and dynamic superchargers. In the view of compactness, an ultra-high speed, up to 280,000 rpm, centrifugal compressor is adopted. The centrifugal compressor which is a kind of dynamics superchargers converts the kinetic energy of the air to the pressure. Compared with positive displacement compressors, it has the advantages of compactness, high efficiency and low noise, making it more suitable for automotive applications. However, the difficulty of the control as well as the surge iv constraint obstructs its industrial implementation for fuel cells.In this dissertation, The model of the air compression system is developed and the coupling between the model inputs and outputs are analyzed. The compressor map is measured and then fitted by a two hidden layer neural network model. The relative gain array (RGA) method is used for the coupling analysis. It shows that the coupling degree varies as the operation point changes because of the nonlinearity of the system. The second part of this work focuses on solving the control problems to adapt the centrifugal compressor to the fuel cell system. The objective is to control the mass flow and pressure simultaneously according to the fuel cell load demand. The problem lies in the coupling between the mass flow control and pressure control because the variations of one variable will also lead to the deviation of the other one. The interaction between the two control loops declines the performance of the fuel cell...

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Section: Choice For Pem Fuel Cell Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this paper does not focus on the determination of this value. In this paper, λ o 2 = 2, which contains some security margin and also provides a good performance [95], [51], [32], is adopted for the validation of the developed controller.…”

Section: Oxygen Excess Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of an Ultrahigh-Speed Centrifugal Compressor for the Air Management of Fuel Cell Systems

Zhao

Blunier

Gao

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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show abstract

“…The main energy management strategy for the combined system reported in many places ( [21], [22], [23], [24]). To realize the energy-management strategy the dc-dc power converters has to be properly controlled.…”

Section: Energy Management Strategy Of Hybrid Power Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Lyapunov based control of hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicles

Fadil

Giri

Guerrero

2012

2012 American Control Conference (ACC)

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Abstract-This paper deals with a Lyapunov based control principle in a hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicle. The storage system consists on fuel cell (FC) as a main power source and a supercapacitor (SC) as an auxiliary power source. The power stage of energy conversion consists on a boost converter connected with the main source and a buck-boost converter connected with the auxiliary source. The converters share the same dc bus which is connected to the traction motor through an inverter. The aim is controlling power converters in order to satisfy the following requirements: i) tight dc bus voltage regulations, ii) perfect tracking of SC current to its reference, and iii) asymptotic stability of the closed loop system. It is clearly shown, using formal analysis and simulations that the designed controller meets all the objectives.

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“…Closed-loop models, on the other hand, automatically adjust to changes in the outputs due to external disturbance. The rationale for introducing MPC is that unlike the open loop predictions, this approach measures states and gives feed back to the optimization model repeatedly and hence the optimal solution is updated accordingly (Kaabeche and Ibtiouen, 2014;Vahidi et al, 2006). Such on-line methods have been applied to dynamic dispatch problems in both regulated and deregulated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy dispatch strategy for a photovoltaic–wind–diesel–battery hybrid power system

2014

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In this paper, an energy dispatch model that satisfies the load demand, taking into account the intermittent nature of the solar and wind energy sources and variations in demand, is presented for a solar photovoltaic-wind-diesel hybrid power supply system. Model predictive control techniques are applied in the management and control of such a power supply system. The emphasis in this work is on the co-ordinated management of energy flow from the battery, wind, photovoltaic and diesel generators when the system is subject to disturbances. The results show that the advantages of the approach become apparent in its capability to attenuate and its robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances. When compared with the open loop model, the closed-loop model is shown to be more superior owing to its ability to predict future system behavior and compute appropriate corrective control actions required to meet variations in demand and radiation. Diesel consumption is generally shown to be more in winter than in summer. This work thus presents a more practical solution to the energy dispatch problem. Keywords: energy management, disturbance, intermittent nature, hybrid energy system, optimization scheme

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Current Management in a Hybrid Fuel Cell Power System: A Model-Predictive Control Approach

Cited by 243 publications

References 32 publications

Control of an Ultrahigh-Speed Centrifugal Compressor for the Air Management of Fuel Cell Systems

Control of an Ultrahigh-Speed Centrifugal Compressor for the Air Management of Fuel Cell Systems

Lyapunov based control of hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicles

Energy dispatch strategy for a photovoltaic–wind–diesel–battery hybrid power system

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