Current significance of the Mycobacterium chelonae-abscessus group

Jones, Robert S.; Shier, Kileen L.; Master, Ronald N.; Bao, Jian; Clark, Richard B.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.01.021

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Our patient was a known case of ocular myasthenia gravis for the last 25 years who had undergone treatment with the immunosuppressive drug azathioprine and had been receiving oral prednisolone for the last 10 years. Chronic kidney disease patients are also susceptible to disseminated and invasive infections due to M. chelonae [ 9 ]. Therefore, therapeutic immunosuppression coupled with underlying chronic kidney disease were likely to be the main reasons for our patient developing M. chelonae bacteraemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The appearance of beaded Gram-positive rods in blood culture and other sterile sites should prompt ZN staining to distinguish diphtheroids from NTM. Molecular methods play an important role in the definitive identification of these organisms, which is crucial because antibiotic susceptibility patterns vary among different species of NTM [ 9 ]. Our isolate was identified as M. chelonae by LPA using GenoType Mycobacterium CM VER 2.0 (Hain Lifescience), which involves DNA amplification targeting the 23S rRNA gene region, followed by reverse hybridization to specific oligonucleotide probes immobilized on membrane strips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium chelonae bacteraemia in a patient with myasthenia gravis receiving long-term steroid therapy

Samaddar

Srivastava

Khan

et al. 2019

Access Microbiology

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Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous environmental organisms found in soil and water. Infections caused by NTM are increasing with conditions ranging from harmless colonization to invasive infections, the latter being more common in immunocompromised hosts. In this report, we present a case of bacteraemia caused by Mycobacterium chelonae , a rapidly growing NTM belonging to Class IV in the Runyon classification, in a 71-year-old male with ocular myasthenia gravis undergoing treatment with oral prednisolone. Gram staining of these organisms from blood culture can be easily overlooked or confused with diptheroids. Detection of Gram-positive bacilli should prompt Ziehl–Neelsen staining to distinguish diphtheroids from rapidly growing mycobacteria in immunosuppressed patients. In addition, speciation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are of paramount importance in such cases as there is considerable variation in the resistance patterns between different species of NTM. Line probe assay provides a rapid and reliable method for identification of NTM to the species level, which can guide treatment with appropriate antibiotics. This case report highlights the importance of early detection of such cases so as to optimize management and improve patient outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium chelonae bacteraemia in a patient with myasthenia gravis receiving long-term steroid therapy

Samaddar

Srivastava

Khan

et al. 2019

Access Microbiology

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“…Environmental updates reveal that MABC is resistant to high chlorine levels that allows this mycobacterium to survive in drinking water (Jones et al, 2019). It is also resistant to disinfectants such as organic-mercurial substances and alkaline glutaraldehyde (Brown-Elliott and Wallace, 2002).…”

Section: Environmental Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also resistant to disinfectants such as organic-mercurial substances and alkaline glutaraldehyde (Brown-Elliott and Wallace, 2002). MABC can form biofilms and resist high temperatures, which allow it to survive in water systems (Howard, 2013;Honda et al, 2018;Jones et al, 2019).…”

Section: Environmental Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium abscessus complex: A Review of Recent Developments in an Emerging Pathogen

Victoria

Gupta

Gómez

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is one of the most clinically relevant species among nontuberculous mycobacteria. MABC’s prevalence has increased over the last two decades. Although these changes can be explained by improvements in microbiological and molecular techniques for identifying species and subspecies, a higher prevalence of chronic lung diseases may contribute to higher rates of MABC. High rates of antimicrobial resistance are seen in MABC, and patients experience multiple relapses with low cure rates. This review aims to integrate existing knowledge about MABC epidemiology, microbiological identification and familiarize readers with molecular mechanisms of resistance and therapeutic options for pulmonary infections with MABC.

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Skin infections caused by Mycobacterium chelonae: Underestimated, especially in immunocompromised patients

De Krock,

Van de gaer,

André

et al. 2024

JEADV Clinical Practice

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Mycobacterium chelonae infections are rare but significant in immunocompromised patients, often leading to delayed diagnosis due to a specific clinical signs and the difficulty to culture and identify the causative agent with conventional laboratory techniques. We report a case series of five patients presenting with cutaneous infection due to M. chelonae. An extensive review of the literature was accomplished to provide summary data on the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment options for these infections. Four out of five patients were receiving immunosuppressive treatments. All patients presented after a prolonged history of painful lesions on the extremities. Sampling and definitive diagnosis implied repeated tissue biopsies and a combination of mycobacterial tests. All patients received a combination of antibiotics comprising a macrolide and achieved complete healing of the skin lesions after 4–12 months. Our case report aims to increase awareness of skin infections caused by M. chelonae and emphasises the importance of early implementation of mycobacterial cultures in the diagnosis of painful ulcerations on the extremities that do not improve to standard systemic antibiotics.

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Current significance of the Mycobacterium chelonae-abscessus group

Cited by 28 publications

References 86 publications

Mycobacterium chelonae bacteraemia in a patient with myasthenia gravis receiving long-term steroid therapy

Mycobacterium chelonae bacteraemia in a patient with myasthenia gravis receiving long-term steroid therapy

Mycobacterium abscessus complex: A Review of Recent Developments in an Emerging Pathogen

Skin infections caused by Mycobacterium chelonae: Underestimated, especially in immunocompromised patients

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