Current status ofN-,O-,S-heterocycles as potential alkaline phosphatase inhibitors: a medicinal chemistry overview

Abstract

Heterocycles, powerful inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase (AP), are compounds that hinder an enzyme crucial for vital physiological functions including bone metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation.

Unveiling sultam in drug discovery: spotlight on the underexplored scaffold

“…Their roles are linked to several diseases like cancer, Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis. 53,54 The catalytic site of alkaline phosphatases (APs) typically contains three metal ions, two Zn 2+ ions and one Mg 2+ ion. There are two main types of APs based on their tissue distribution in humans: i) tissue non-specific AP (TNAP) and ii) placental AP (PLAP).…”

“…Many heterocyclic compounds have been found to be potent inhibitors of APs. 54,57,58 Bhatti et al synthesized a series of sultams shown in Fig. 25 (compounds 25a–n ) and evaluated their potential as inhibitors of bovine tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (bTNAP) and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (bIAP).…”

Hydrogel-Embedded Platinum–Ruthenium Alloy Peroxidase Mimic as a Visual Sensor for “Signal-on” Alkaline Phosphatase Detection

“…1,2 The abnormal level of ALP has been linked to diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis. 3,4 Consequently, the ALP assay has become a focal point in clinical diagnosis. Nowadays, various types of sensors have been developed using different signal models, such as absorbance, fluorescence, electrochemistry, and magnetic relaxation.…”

“…Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is ubiquitously distributed in the human body and involved in various physiological processes like bone metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation. , The abnormal level of ALP has been linked to diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis. , Consequently, the ALP assay has become a focal point in clinical diagnosis. Nowadays, various types of sensors have been developed using different signal models, such as absorbance, fluorescence, electrochemistry, and magnetic relaxation. , Among these, colorimetric sensors stand out due to their ease of preparation, user convenience, and potential for visual detection. , …”