Current status of measles in Japan: molecular and seroepidemiological studies

Okafuji, Teruo; Fujino, Motoko; Nakayama, Tetsuo

doi:10.1007/s10156-006-0490-7

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is also unclear why we found a positive correlation between age and the antibody titer for measles. However, the antibody titers for measles acquired by infection might be higher than those acquired by vaccination (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Persistence and Half-lives of Anti-measles and Anti-rubella Antibodies in Japanese Hospital Workers: A Longitudinal Study

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Antibody testing for endemic viruses in healthcare workers is used as an index of immunoprotection in Japan. However, it remains unclear how these antibody titers chronologically change and how they should be interpreted. Methods We retrospectively collected two sets of antibody titers to measles and rubella, measured in 2013 and within the preceding 5 years, in adult hospital workers by an enzyme-linked immunoassay and calculated in international units. Subjects infected with, or vaccinated against, these viruses over this period were eliminated. Seropositivities and geometric mean titers were analyzed. Decay rates and half-lives of antibodies were calculated using a mixed-effect model according to the subjects' ages and antibody titers. Results We analyzed 469 subjects for measles and 439 for rubella. Comparison with previous data revealed a mean measurement interval of 1,026 days between the previous and present tests, with seropositivity rates of 98.0% (previous) vs. 99.3% (present) for measles; 974 days and 90.7% vs. 94.9%, respectively, for rubella. For measles and rubella, 97.4% and 86.1%, respectively, of previously seropositive subjects remained positive in the present test. The geometric mean titers in the present and previous tests were 924.3 IU/mL and 853.2 IU/mL (measles) and 46.23 IU/mL and 40.78 IU/mL (rubella), respectively. In the mixed-effect model, measles and rubella antibody titers showed an increasing trend with age. Conclusion Seropositivities against measles and rubella can remain high for more than 5 years. Among adult hospital workers in Japan, the antibody titers against measles and rubella have a sufficient lifetime persistence.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Persistence and Half-lives of Anti-measles and Anti-rubella Antibodies in Japanese Hospital Workers: A Longitudinal Study

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diluted sera were mixed with approximately 100 TCID50 of challenge virus at 37 C for 90 min and the mixture was placed on a monolayer of B95a cells. NT antibody titers were expressed as the reciprocal of the serum dilutions that neutralized the appearance of the CPE of measles virus [Okafuji et al, 2006].…”

Section: Neutralization Test (Nt) Antibodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified adult measles in outbreaks in Japan, 2007–2008

Nagai¹,

Xin

Yoshida

et al. 2009

Journal of Medical Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Different genotypes of C1, D3, D5, and H1 were isolated in outbreaks of 1984, 1987-1988, 1991-1993, and 2001, respectively, when the previous circulating genotype was replaced successively by a new genotype, through molecular studies of measles since 1984 in Japan. In March 2007, several patients with measles were observed in outpatient clinics, who were all young adolescents in high school and university students. The outbreak expanded subsequently throughout Japanese districts in May and is still ongoing in 2008. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was used to detect the measles genome from 18 clinical samples obtained from patients suspected of modified measles infection with a very mild febrile illness. The measles genome was detected in nine patients by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in 12 patients by RT-LAMP. Six measles strains were isolated in the 2007-2008 outbreak and identified as the D5 genotype (MVi/Bangkok.THA/93 type) different from the D5 sub-cluster (MVi/Palau.BLA/93 type) isolated in 1990-2005. Similar Bangkok type D5 strains were isolated in Phnom Penh in 2002 and in Taiwan in 2003, suggesting that the D5 strains might have been introduced via South East Asia, rather than resulting from the accumulation of mutations in the D5 strains of 1990-2005. One D9 strain was isolated from a sporadic case in Aichi in 2006. There was no difference in the antigenicity of the D9 and D5 strains in comparison with the vaccine strain. Infrastructure of systematic laboratory-based surveillance system should be established in order to confirm measles virus infection in Japan.

show abstract

“…Moreover, mortality due to measles was reduced from 750,000 deaths to 197,000 deaths worldwide between 2000 and 2007 through mass vaccination in developing countries (10,46). In Japan, measles vaccines were introduced in 1978 as part of routine immunization schedules and the number of measles cases has decreased dramatically, although relatively large outbreaks still occur (9,24,28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%