Current status of meningococcal group B vaccine candidates: capsular or noncapsular?

Romero, J. Diaz; Outschoorn, Ingrid M.

doi:10.1128/cmr.7.4.559-575.1994

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…A polysaccharide vaccine against meningococcus serogroup B, the most frequent isolated meningococcal pathogen in Europe and the USA, is not available. Capsular polysaccharide B is poorly immunogenic in humans [14]. Since complement-deficient persons contract meningococcal disease rather frequently due to the uncommon serogroups W135 and Y [2][3][4], the tetravalent (A, C, W135 and Y) polysaccharide vaccine is an appropriate vaccine to provide protection, assuming that effective antibodies are developed, by which serum bactericidal activity and/or opsonophagocytosis are enhanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against meningococcal serogroup ACYW disease in complement-deficient individuals vaccinated with the tetravalent meningococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine

Fijen

Kuijper

Drogari‐Apiranthitou

et al. 1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYIndividuals with properdin, C3 or late complement component deficiency (LCCD) frequently develop meningococcal disease. Vaccination of these persons has been recommended, although reports on efficacy are scarce and not conclusive. We immunized 53 complement-deficient persons, of whom 19 had properdin deficiency, seven a C3 deficiency syndrome and 27 had LCCD with the tetravalent (ACYW) meningococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine. Serological studies were performed in 43 of them. As controls 25 non-complement-deficient relatives of the complement-deficient vaccinees and 21 healthy non-related controls were vaccinated. Post-vaccination, complement-deficient individuals and controls developed a significant immunoglobulin-specific antibody response to capsular polysaccharides group A, C, Y, W135, but a great individual variation was noticed. Also, the proportion of vaccinees of the various vaccinated groups with a significant increase in bactericidal titre (assayed with heterologous complement) was similar. Opsonization of meningococci A and W135 with sera of the 20 LCCD individuals yielded in 11 (55%) and eight (40%) sera a significant increase of phagocytic activity after vaccination, respectively. Despite vaccination, four complement-deficient patients experienced six episodes of meningococcal disease in the 6 years post-vaccination. Four episodes were due to serogroup B, not included in the vaccine. Despite good response to serogroup Y upon vaccination, disease due to serogroup Y occurred in two C8b-deficient patients, 3·5 and 5 years post-vaccination. These results support the recommendation to vaccinate complement-deficient individuals and to revaccinate them every 3 years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against meningococcal serogroup ACYW disease in complement-deficient individuals vaccinated with the tetravalent meningococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine

Fijen

Kuijper

Drogari‐Apiranthitou

et al. 1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Neisseria meningitidis, the etiologic agent of meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia, is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world (12,19). However, there is presently no vaccine available against serogroup B meningococci, which are responsible for between 30 and 70% of the meningococcal infections in industrialized countries (4)(5)(6). Since this capsular polysaccharide is poorly immunogenic in humans, the emphasis for the development of a serogroup B vaccine has therefore been directed toward the identification of protective surface antigens (5,6,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Bactericidal and Cross-Protective Activities of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed againstNeisseria meningitidisNspA Outer Membrane Protein

et al. 1999

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The cross-bactericidal and cross-protective activities of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) named Me-7, which is directed against an antigenically highly conserved epitope on the meningococcal NspA protein, were studied. This MAb efficiently killed in vitro, in the presence of rabbit or human serum, 13 of 14 meningococcal strains tested, including 9 of 9, 2 of 3, and 2 of 2 strains of serotypes B, A, and C, respectively. MAb Me-7 also significantly reduced by more than 75% the levels of bacteremia recorded for mice challenged with 10 of 11 meningococcal strains tested. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the NspA protein from the meningococcal strain MCH88 (A:4:P1.10), which was not killed by MAb Me-7, indicated the presence of an additional glutamine residue at position 73, compared to the three other NspA sequences. The data presented in this study suggest that antibodies directed against this highly conserved outer membrane protein could protect against meningococcal infections.

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“…From the literature, limited data about the presence of anti-B IgM antibodies in healthy individuals are available, but the results are conflicting. Whereas some investigators found that these antibodies were absent from human sera (11), others reported anti-B IgM to be present in most healthy adults (6,19,21). Low levels of anti-B IgG may also be present in sera from healthy adults (19) and umbilical cord sera from infants (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the purified B polysaccharide seems to be weakly immunogenic in humans and the C polysaccharide vaccine is effective only in children Ն2 years of age (21), specific immune responses towards the respective polysaccharides have been observed in the majority of adults and 30% of children recovering from serogroup B meningococcal disease (12) and in the majority of patients recovering from serogroup C disease (12,16). Whether it is possible to establish a definitive serogroupspecific diagnosis and thus discriminate between serogroup B and C meningococcal diseases on the basis of the presence of specific anticapsular antibodies has been elucidated only to a limited extent (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of antibodies against meningococcal capsular polysaccharides B and C in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays: towards an improved surveillance of meningococcal disease

Andersen

Berthelsen

Lind

1997

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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In order to improve the surveillance of serogroup B and C meningococcal diseases, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) specific for anti-B immunoglobulin M (IgM) and anti-C IgM and IgG antibodies were developed. The tests were evaluated by using paired sera from 122 patients with and 101 patients without laboratory evidence of meningococcal disease. Fifty-three of 67 patients (79%) with culture-confirmed serogroup B disease had an anti-B IgM antibody response; anti-B IgM levels waned rapidly in children <4 years of age. Twenty-four of 25 patients (96%) with culture-confirmed serogroup C disease had an anti-C IgM and/or IgG antibody response (IgM, 92%; IgG, 68%). In patients without evidence of meningococcal disease, 19% of children <4 years of age and 69% of those >4 years of age had intermediate anti-B IgM titers. In contrast, only 1 and 5% of these patients had intermediate titers of anti-C IgM and anti-C IgG, respectively. The ELISAs were shown to be powerful tools for discriminating between serogroup B and C diseases in 96 to 100% of cultureconfirmed cases. For 90% of patients with culture-negative meningococcal disease, a serogroup-specific diagnosis could be established by examination of paired sera in the ELISAs. As serogroup B and C meningococci account for practically all cases of meningococcal disease in industrialized countries, the availability of these tests may improve surveillance and prevention.

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Current status of meningococcal group B vaccine candidates: capsular or noncapsular?

Cited by 10 publications

References 132 publications

Protection against meningococcal serogroup ACYW disease in complement-deficient individuals vaccinated with the tetravalent meningococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine

Protection against meningococcal serogroup ACYW disease in complement-deficient individuals vaccinated with the tetravalent meningococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine

Bactericidal and Cross-Protective Activities of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed againstNeisseria meningitidisNspA Outer Membrane Protein

Measurement of antibodies against meningococcal capsular polysaccharides B and C in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays: towards an improved surveillance of meningococcal disease

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