Current Status of Schistosomiasis and Its Snail Hosts in Aswan Governorate, Egypt

Dyab, Ahmed K.; ELMAWGOOD, AMAL A. ABD; ABDELLAH, MOSTAFA A.; RAGAB, MOHAMMED F.

doi:10.21608/jesp.2021.210443

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Furthermore, the presence of other trematodes cercariae can make diagnosis difficult (Caldeira et al, 2017). There is prevalence of S. haematobium among school children and adults with the risk factors being gender and contact with water canal although surveys employing shedding snails failed to detect patently infected B. truncatus and the risk of the parasite transmission in the Aswan governorate (Dyab et al, 2021). Therefore, the molecular techniques and measurements of immune factors have been studied in the present work to detect the earlier stages of the parasite in infected snails.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Schistosoma haematobium in infected Bulinus truncatus snails associated with immune response

Mansour,

El Einin,

Tadrous

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Schistosomiasis is one of the most common waterborne parasite illnesses, it is a major public health issue in developing countries. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is used to find Schistosoma haematobium DNA in Bulinus truncatus, which could speed up the discovery of infections before cercariae are shed. DraI‐PCR detected S. haematobium infection at different infection intervals with bands at 300 bp in shedding snails 40 days after exposure and even on the first day after B. turancuts snails exposure to miracidia. Transmission electron microscopy showed the structure of sporocyst from 1 to 40 days post‐exposure and activated hemocytes in infected non‐shedding snails as well as sporocyst degradation. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of Bax and TGF‐β1 positive stained cells that have been linked with infection progression. In conclusion, molecular tools and immune response play an important role in the strategy of controlling schistosomiasis through the early detection of larval stages in intermediate hosts toward certification of schistosomiasis elimination.Research Highlights DraI‐PCR allowed early detection of S. haematobium at 300 bp in B. truncatus snail. Transmission electron microscopy showed the structure of S. haematobium sporocyst in snail and activated hemocytes in non‐shedding snail. Bax protein that induced apoptotic changes and Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 level have been linked with parasite development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Schistosoma haematobium in infected Bulinus truncatus snails associated with immune response

Mansour,

El Einin,

Tadrous

et al. 2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Strategies and achievements in controlling and eliminating schistosomiasis from Egypt

El-Kassas,

Sheemy,

Elbadry

2024

Egypt Liver Journal

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Schistosomiasis is an old parasitic disease in Egypt primarily caused by Schistosoma mansoni, transmitted through infected water canals, and disproportionately affects rural areas. Despite substantial reductions in the disease prevalence over the years, it still affects more than 5% of the population in some governorates, highlighting the need for sustained control efforts. Among the recent control measures: (a) mass drug administration with large-scale, biannual administration of praziquantel, which remains the cornerstone of the control program targeting the interruption of vector transmission cycles. (b) Improving disease diagnostics, including point-of-care tests, which facilitate early detection and case management, particularly in remote areas. (c) Snail control using targeted mollusciciding aims to reduce parasite transmission by controlling intermediate snail hosts. And (d) behavioral change communication focusing on raising awareness regarding hygiene practices and safe water access.Even if control attempts have shown positive results, several challenges still exist, including (a) drug resistance, especially to praziquantel, the most commonly used drug, which calls for ongoing observation and monitoring. (b) Sustainability of funding to avoid program disruptions and setbacks. And (c) social and environmental factors like poverty, poor sanitation, and access to clean water. The transition from disease control to elimination requires meticulous planning and vigilance. Robust surveillance systems, enhanced case management, and continued community engagement are vital for such elimination. Strengthening research on drug resistance, snail control methods, and innovative diagnostics would further support elimination efforts. This report aims to address the most recent data regarding the prevalence and control measures for schistosomiasis in Egypt and provide the information required to lead the transition from disease control to elimination.

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Current Status of Schistosomiasis and Its Snail Hosts in Aswan Governorate, Egypt

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Molecular detection of Schistosoma haematobium in infected Bulinus truncatus snails associated with immune response

Molecular detection of Schistosoma haematobium in infected Bulinus truncatus snails associated with immune response

Strategies and achievements in controlling and eliminating schistosomiasis from Egypt

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