Current status of Thin Cell Layer method for the induction of organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis

An Overview: Somatic Embryogenesis Through Thin Cell Layer (TCL) Technique

“…Type of TCL Several studies have been conducted regarding the response of ES through both of TCL type technique to the propagation of several plant species (Table II). The TCL system employs various small-sized explants from different plant organs excised either longitudinally [longitudinal thin cell layer (lTCL)] or transversally [transverse thin cell layer (tTCL)] [15]. TCL culture systems are promising and efficient with regard to the total output of orchid plantlets compared to other conventional in vitro methods for rapid regeneration of orchids.…”

“…This technique has been used for the production of somatic embryos of several plant species [14]. This procedure gave enhanced results for numerous in vitro culture systems [15], including Pelargonium x Hortorum bailey [16], Elaeis guineensis [17], Gladiolus hort [18], Rosa hybrid [19], Digitaria sanguinalis [20], Cocos nucifera [21], Oryza sativa [22], L. Longiflorum [23], Bactris gasipaes [24], Elaeis guineensis [14], Agave fourcroydes [25], Ceropegia bulbosa [26], and Stevia rebaudina [27].…”

“…Larger explants maintain normal tissue interactions, and such interactions may inhibit cell division through maintenance of symplast domains [29]. Additionally, explants with reduced size showed synthesis of new cell wall components, such as oligosaccharides, that can act as signals to the cell to re-enter the mitotic cycle [15]. Small explants also present higher surface contact with the culture medium, and can be considered to be more stressed, increasing the cell's metabolism [30].…”