CURRENT TOPIC: Glucose Transporters in the Human Placenta

Illsley, Nicholas P.

doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0448

Cited by 293 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Although it is often anticipated that pairs of different, asymmetrically localized transporters are needed to mediate transepithelial solute transport, there are well established examples showing that a single transporter can be expressed at both membrane domains to facilitate transepithelial flux of a solute. For example, transport of glucose across the placental barrier is predominantly accomplished by a single bidirectional glucose transporter, GLUT1, which is expressed on both apical and basal membranes of placental epithelial cells to mediate maternal-to-fetal transport of glucose (28,29). However, despite the critical role of OCT3/Oct3 in salivary gland metformin transport as revealed by our in vitro and in vivo data, low but significant expression of other metformin transporters (e.g.…”

Section: Volume 289 • Number 39 • September 26 2014mentioning

confidence: 70%

Taste of a Pill

Lee

Duan

Hébert

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Drug excretion into saliva has important clinical implications, but the mechanisms underlying salivary gland drug transport remain unclear. Results: OCT3 is highly expressed in secretory epithelial cells and mediates active metformin transport in salivary glands. Conclusion: OCT3 provides a unique pathway for metformin secretion and accumulation in salivary glands. Significance: Carrier-mediated salivary secretion can provoke drug-induced taste disturbance.

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Section: Volume 289 • Number 39 • September 26 2014mentioning

confidence: 70%

Taste of a Pill

Lee

Duan

Hébert

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Glucose transporters of the GLUT (SLC2) and SGLT (SLC5) families are likely involved in supplying glucose to mammalian embryos (Illsley, 2000;Baumann et al, 2002;Kevorkova et al, 2007), although direct evidence, e.g., from the analysis of mutants, is lacking. The mechanisms for nutrition of plant embryos have also remained elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cascade of Sequentially Expressed Sucrose Transporters in the Seed Coat and Endosperm Provides Nutrition for the Arabidopsis Embryo

et al. 2015

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Developing plant embryos depend on nutrition from maternal tissues via the seed coat and endosperm, but the mechanisms that supply nutrients to plant embryos have remained elusive. Sucrose, the major transport form of carbohydrate in plants, is delivered via the phloem to the maternal seed coat and then secreted from the seed coat to feed the embryo. Here, we show that seed filling in Arabidopsis thaliana requires the three sucrose transporters SWEET11, 12, and 15. SWEET11, 12, and 15 exhibit specific spatiotemporal expression patterns in developing seeds, but only a sweet11;12;15 triple mutant showed severe seed defects, which include retarded embryo development, reduced seed weight, and reduced starch and lipid content, causing a "wrinkled" seed phenotype. In sweet11;12;15 triple mutants, starch accumulated in the seed coat but not the embryo, implicating SWEETmediated sucrose efflux in the transfer of sugars from seed coat to embryo. This cascade of sequentially expressed SWEETs provides the feeding pathway for the plant embryo, an important feature for yield potential.

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“…Among the glucose transporter isoforms, GLUT1 and GLUT3 are 4 localized in the cell membrane of syncytiotrophoblasts in mammals [9,10]. Another set of placental perfusion studies and isolated plasma membrane studies have demonstrated that lactate is transferred across the placental barrier by means of streospecific (between L-and D-lactate) transporters [11][12][13], and the movement is mediated by a carrier-dependent transporter resembling the lactate/H + co-transporters with a broad distribution throughout the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Expression of the Monocarboxylate Transporter (MCT) Family in the Placenta of Mice

et al. 2010

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Lactate plays an important role as an alternative energy substrate, especially in conditions with a decreased utility of glucose. Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are essential for the transport of lactate, ketone bodies, and other monocarboxylates through the plasma membrane and may contribute to the net transport of lactate through the placental barrier. The present study examined the expression profile and subcellular localization of MCTs in the mouse placenta. An in situ hybridization survey of all MCT subtypes detected intense mRNA expressions of MCT1, MCT4, and MCT9 as well as GLUT1 in the placenta from gestational day 11.5.The expression of MCT mRNAs decreased in the intensity at the end of gestation in contrast to a consistently intense expression of GLUT1 mRNA.Immunohistochemically, MCT1 and MCT4 showed a polarized localization on the maternal side and fetal side of the two cell-layered syncytiotrophoblast, respectively.The membrane-oriented localization of MCTs was supported by the coexistence of CD 147 which recruits MCT to the plasma membrane. However, the subcellular arrangement of MCT1 and MCT4 along the trophoblastic cell membrane was completely opposite of that in the human placenta. Although we cannot exactly explain the reversed localization of MCTs between human and murine placentas, it may be related to differences between humans and mice in the origin of lactate and its utilization by fetuses.3

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CURRENT TOPIC: Glucose Transporters in the Human Placenta

Cited by 293 publications

References 72 publications

Taste of a Pill

Taste of a Pill

A Cascade of Sequentially Expressed Sucrose Transporters in the Seed Coat and Endosperm Provides Nutrition for the Arabidopsis Embryo

Cellular Expression of the Monocarboxylate Transporter (MCT) Family in the Placenta of Mice

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