Current Understanding of the Relationship between Blood Donor Variability and Blood Component Quality

Hadjesfandiari, Narges; Khorshidfar, M.; Devine, Dana V.

doi:10.3390/ijms22083943

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…The volume of a whole blood donation is usually 450 mL ±10%, and samples undergo leucodepletion, (often by filtration) for removing the immune cells from the blood [7]. In some cases, whole blood donations have the leukocytes removed (below the limit of 5 million per unit) followed by mixing the RBCs with an additive solution and are stored in a blood bag composed of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) [8]. The type of treatment process favored by each blood bank is chosen based on several factors, each with advantages and disadvantages [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of SiO2 nanoparticles for bacterial decontaminations of blood products

Alavi¹,

Hamblin²,

Mozafari³

et al. 2022

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of SiO2 nanoparticles for bacterial decontaminations of blood products

Alavi¹,

Hamblin²,

Mozafari³

et al. 2022

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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“…However, given no differences in the four other liver damage-associated analytes measured, the rise in AST may be more indicative of hemolysis of the human pRBCs as opposed to liver damage ( 23 ). Although the human pRBCs were used within the expiration date, preanalytical variability in human donors, such as age and storage time ( 24 ), may have made these cells susceptible to breakdown with subsequent release of AST. However, prior studies have shown that rat RBCs show decreased deformability and membrane rigidity when compared to human RBCs, which may make them more susceptible to hemolysis ( 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunological Effect of Oxygen Carriers on Normothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion

et al. 2022

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IntroductionNormothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP) is an organ preservation method that allows liver graft functional assessment prior to transplantation. One key component of normothermic perfusion solution is an oxygen carrier to provide oxygen to the liver to sustain metabolic activities. Oxygen carriers such as red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers have an unknown effect on the liver-resident immune cells during NEVLP. In this study, we assessed the effects of different oxygen carriers on the phenotype and function of liver-resident immune cells.MethodsAdult Lewis rat livers underwent NEVLP using three different oxygen carriers: human packed RBCs (pRBCs), rat pRBCs, or Oxyglobin (a synthetic hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier). Hourly perfusate samples were collected for downstream analysis, and livers were digested to isolate immune cells. The concentration of common cytokines was measured in the perfusate, and the immune cells underwent phenotypic characterization with flow cytometry and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The stimulatory function of the liver-resident immune cells was assessed using mixed lymphocyte reactions.ResultsThere were no differences in liver function, liver damage, or histology between the three oxygen carriers. qRT-PCR revealed that the gene expression of nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), Interleukin (IL-1β), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C-C motif chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7), and CD14 was significantly upregulated in the human pRBC group compared with that in the naive, whereas the rat pRBC and Oxyglobin groups were not different from that of naive. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the cell surface expression of the immune co-stimulatory protein, CD86, was significantly higher on liver-resident macrophages and plasmacytoid dendritic cells perfused with human pRBC compared to Oxyglobin. Mixed lymphocyte reactions revealed increased allogeneic T-cell proliferation in the human and rat pRBC groups compared to that in the Oxyglobin group.ConclusionsLiver-resident immune cells are important mediators of rejection after transplantation. In this study, we show that the oxygen carrier used in NEVLP solutions can affect the phenotype of these liver-resident immune cells. The synthetic hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, Oxyglobin, showed the least amount of liver-resident immune cell activation and the least amount of allogeneic proliferation when compared to human or rat pRBCs. To mitigate liver-resident immune cell activation during NEVLP (and subsequent transplantation), Oxyglobin may be an optimal oxygen carrier.

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“…In order to minimize the effects of donor blood variability ( Mykhailova et al, 2020 ; Hadjesfandiari et al, 2021 ) in this study, all of the metrics described above were measured and averaged across 24 units spread into 12 compatible pools. Since a novel AS needs to be universally compatible with donated RBCs, if one RBC unit in one of the pools caused high hemolysis, the measured hemolysis value for the pool would indicate the presence of an AS incompatible with at least one of the units in the pool, screening out the incompatible AS candidate at an early stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A deep 96-well plate RBC storage platform for high-throughput screening of novel storage solutions

et al. 2022

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Background: Red blood cell (RBC) storage solutions, also known as additive solutions (ASs), first developed in the 1970s, enable extended storage of RBCs. Unfortunately, the advancements in this field have been limited, due to labor intensive and time-consuming serial in vitro and in vivo testing, coupled with very high commercialization hurdles. This study examines the utility of deep 96-well plates for preliminary screenings of novel ASs through comparison of RBC storage with the standard PVC bags in terms of hemolysis and ATP levels, under both normoxic (N) and hypoxic/hypocapnic (H) storage conditions. The necessity for the presence of DEHP, normally provided by PVC bags, is also examined.Materials and methods: A pool of 2 ABO compatible RBC units was split between a bag and a plate. Each plate well contained either 1, 2 or 0 PVC strips cut from standard storage bags to supply DEHP. The H bags and plates were processed in an anaerobic glovebox and stored in O2 barrier bags. Hemolysis and ATP were measured bi-weekly using standard methods.Results: Final ATP and hemolysis values for the plate-stored RBCs were comparable to the typical values observed for 6-week storage of leukoreduced AS-3 RBCs in PVC bags under both N and H conditions. Hemolysis was below FDA and EU benchmarks of 1% and 0.8%, respectively, and excluding DEHP from plates during storage, resulted in an inconsequential increase when compared to bag samples.Discussion: In combination with high-throughput metabolomics workflow, this platform provides a highly efficient preliminary screening platform to accelerate the initial testing and consequent development of novel RBC ASs.

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Current Understanding of the Relationship between Blood Donor Variability and Blood Component Quality

Cited by 13 publications

References 143 publications

Surface modification of SiO2 nanoparticles for bacterial decontaminations of blood products

Surface modification of SiO2 nanoparticles for bacterial decontaminations of blood products

The Immunological Effect of Oxygen Carriers on Normothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion

A deep 96-well plate RBC storage platform for high-throughput screening of novel storage solutions

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