Cutaneous involvement in canine leishmaniosis due to <scp>L</scp>eishmania infantum (<scp>s</scp>yn. <scp>L.</scp>chagasi)

Saridomichelakis, M. N.; Koutinas, A. F.

doi:10.1111/vde.12105

Cited by 39 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(317 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence of microscopic lesions and detection of amastigotes either by routine histology or by IHC in our study was at the lower limit of the ranges reported in previous studies. Microscopic lesions have been noticed in 50–100% of the skin samples obtained from the normal-looking skin of dogs with CanL [5, 12–14]. Moreover, amastigotes were seen in up to 100% of the cases, depending on the sensitivity of the method employed [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutaneous lesions are the most common clinical signs in CanL [5] and they are very pleomorphic from a clinical and histopathological point of view as well [6]. The most common dermatological signs observed in dogs with leishmaniosis include exfoliative dermatitis, ulcerative dermatitis and onychogryphosis [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common dermatological signs observed in dogs with leishmaniosis include exfoliative dermatitis, ulcerative dermatitis and onychogryphosis [5]. However, other less typical manifestations such as papular dermatitis, muco-cutaneous nodular dermatitis or sterile pustular dermatitis are also diagnosed [5, 6]. This clinical variation is due to a wide variety of pathological mechanisms occurring secondarily to the inflammation, immune complex deposition and/or autoantibody production [7] and to the genetically determined or acquired inability of the immune system to control parasite multiplication and tissue invasion [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, to the best of our knowledge, comparative studies between paired clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin samples from dogs with different stages of disease severity are lacking. Normal-looking skin of dogs with leishmaniosis, with or without dermatological manifestations, frequently shows microscopic lesions along with the presence of Leishmania amastigotes [5]. However, this might not apply in less severe clinical cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological and parasitological distinctive findings in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin of dogs with different clinical stages of leishmaniosis

Ordeix

Dalmau²,

Osso³

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundNormal-looking skin of dogs with leishmaniosis frequently shows microscopic lesions along with the presence of Leishmania amastigotes. However, histological lesions with or without detection of amastigotes might not occur in less severe clinical cases. In addition, comparative studies between paired clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin samples from dogs with different disease severity are lacking. The objective of this study was to compare histological and parasitological findings by Leishmania immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) on paired clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin biopsies from 25 dogs with different clinical stages of leishmaniosis, 11 with stage I-mild disease (papular dermatitis) and 14 with stage II-III (ulcerative or exfoliative dermatitis).ResultsThe study demonstrated microscopic lesions in 14 out of 25 (56%) samples from normal-looking skin biopsies. In those samples, perivascular to interstitial dermatitis composed by macrophages with lymphocytes and plasma cells was observed mainly in the superficial and mid-dermis. The intensity of the dermatitis was mild to moderate and always less prominent than in the clinically-lesioned skin. In normal-looking skin samples, the presence of parasites was detected by histology, IHC and qPCR in 5/25 (20%), 8/25 (32%) and 18/25 (72%), respectively. Leishmania was encountered in 11/25 (44%), 23/25 (92%) and 25/25 (100%) of clinically-lesioned skin samples by histology, IHC and qPCR, respectively. Normal-looking skin from dogs with stage I-mild disease was less frequently inflamed (P = 0.0172). Furthermore, Leishmania was more easily demonstrated by histology (P = 0.0464), IHC (P = 0.0421) or qPCR (P = 0.0068) in normal-looking skin of dogs with stage II-III-moderate to severe disease. In addition, in the latter group, there was a significantly higher parasite load studied by means of qPCR than in dogs with less severe disease (P = 0.043). Clinically-lesioned skin from dogs with stage I disease was more frequently characterised by the nodular to diffuse pattern and granuloma formation (P = 0.0166) and by a lower parasite load studied by means of qPCR (P = 0.043) compared with more diseased dogs.ConclusionsNormal-looking skin from dogs with stage I is less likely to present histological lesions as well as harbour the parasite when compared with dogs with moderate to severe leishmaniosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological and parasitological distinctive findings in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin of dogs with different clinical stages of leishmaniosis

Ordeix

Dalmau²,

Osso³

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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Is signalment associated with clinicopathological findings in dogs with leishmaniosis?

et al. 2021

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Background: Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a common infectious disease. Age, sex and breed might influence the type of clinical and pathological manifestations that dogs develop. The main objective of this retrospective crosssectional study was to determine if an association between age, sex, breed and size and the clinical findings of CanL exists. Material and methods: Dogs with a diagnosis of leishmaniosis were enrolled (n = 123). Clinical information, including signalment, clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities, was retrieved from medical records from different veterinary facilities from Catalonia. Results: Young dogs developed less frequently systemic signs (p = 0.0046), renal (p = 0.0019) and haematologic (p = 0.0275) abnormalities, while dermatologic signs were more common in young and adult dogs compared with old ones (p = 0.0451). Young dogs showed proteinuria less often than adult and old dogs (p = 0.0029). Young dogs did not present renal azotemia, while old dogs showed occasionally renal azotemia (p = 0.0478). Young dogs were mainly classified as mild-moderate LeishVet clinical stages of the disease, and very rarely as severe-very severe LeishVet clinical stages, compared with adult and old dogs (p = 0.0457). Purebred dogs significantly developed ulcerative dermatitis more frequently than crossbred dogs (p = 0.0460). Conclusion:This study describes that age is associated with differences in clinicopathological findings of CanL.

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Selective IgA deficiency and presumptive polyclonal spike in the beta fraction in a dog with leishmaniosis

Villanueva‐Saz

Martínez-Lostao

Yzuel

et al. 2022

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 1-year-old, entire, crossbred, female dog examined for apathy, lethargy, unilateral nosebleed of 2-month duration and the presence of symmetrical ulcerative dermatitis (small ulcers covered by a haemorrhagic crust and surrounded by alopecia on the tip of the ear pinna). Laboratory alterations included anaemia and hyperglobulinemia with a presumptive polyclonal spike in the beta fraction. High antibody levels to Leishmania infantum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An anti-Leishmania therapeutic protocol was established and a reduction of the anti-Leishmania antibodies was detected by an end point sera dilution enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay during the first weeks of therapeutic protocol, while C-reactive protein concentration was reduced during the period of time when meglumine antimoniate was administered. A good clinical response to the treatment was detected after initiating the anti-Leishmania treatment. Quantitative serology is useful in the short-term, because using a two-fold serial dilution technique correlates with the clinical response.

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Cutaneous involvement in canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum (syn. L.chagasi)

Cited by 39 publications

References 89 publications

Histological and parasitological distinctive findings in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin of dogs with different clinical stages of leishmaniosis

Histological and parasitological distinctive findings in clinically-lesioned and normal-looking skin of dogs with different clinical stages of leishmaniosis

Is signalment associated with clinicopathological findings in dogs with leishmaniosis?

Selective IgA deficiency and presumptive polyclonal spike in the beta fraction in a dog with leishmaniosis

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