Cuticular surface damage of Ascaridia galli adult worms treated with Veitchia merrillii betel nuts extract in vitro

Abstract

Aim:The objective of this research was to in vitro evaluate the cuticular surface damage of Ascaridia galli adult worms treated with ethanolic extract of betel nuts Veitchia merrillii.Materials and Methods:Phytochemical screening was done using FeCl3, Wagner and Dragendorff reagents, NaOH, MgHCl, and Liebermann–Burchard reaction test. Amount of 16 worms were segregated into four groups with three replicates. Four worms of each group submerged into phosphate buffered saline, 25 mg/ml, and 75 mg/ml crude ethanolic extract of V. merrillii, and 15 mg/ml albendazole. The effect of these extract was observed 40 h after incubation as soon as worms death. The worms were sectioned transversally and were explored for any cuticular histopathological changes in their body surface under microscope.Results:We found that the ethanolic extract of V. merrillii betel nuts contains tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and saponins. The ethanolic extract of betel nuts V. merrillii induces surface alterations caused cuticular damage of A. galli adult worms.Conclusion:We concluded that ethanolic extract of betel nuts V. merrillii possess anthelmintic activity caused cuticular damage of A. galli adult worms.

Anti-inflammatory activity of Schrebera Swietenioides Roxb. in cream formulation on CD68 expression in mice skin wound

“…Wound skin tissue samples were collected in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological examination [23,24]. The tissues were processed by routine paraffin embedding technique, and 5 µm sections were stained with immunohistochemical staining by standard methods as described by Darmawi et al [25], using streptavidin-biotin complex (SB).…”

In Vitro Assessment of Anthelmintic and Alpha-Amylase Inhibition of Schleichera Oleosa (Lour.) Oken Leaf Extracts

“…Saponin glycosides, found in the wide variety of higher plants, can cause the damage integument and subsequent paralysis of the worms [6]. The previous literature described the presence of tannins in plant extracts can cause damage of cuticles of helminths by binding with the glycoproteins present on it [28,29]. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are involved in energy generation process, damage in cuticle, and ultimately cause the paralysis and death of the worms [30].…”

Histopathological Changes of Egg Cells in the Uterine of Ascaridia galli after Treatment with Extract of Veitchia merrillii Nuts

“…Prosedur ekstraksi etanolik tepung biji palem putri (V. merrillii) dan koleksi cacing A. galli betina dewasa mengikuti metode seperti yang telah kami publikasikan terdahulu (Balqis et al, 2016b;Hamzah et al, 2016;Balqis et al, 2017 …”

“…Pengamatan histopatologi yang dilakukan Balqis et al (2017) menunjukkan adanya kerusakan pada permukaan tubuh yaitu bagian kutikula pada cacing nematoda A. galli yang diberikan ekstrak biji V. merrilli. Aktivitas antelmintik ekstrak etanol kulit batang A. Oxyphylla menimbulkan efek penyusutan kutikula, kehilangan dan keruntuhan bibir, perluasan permukaan tubuh yang berkeriput, kutikula membengkak kecil-kecil menandakan mulai terjadi disintegrasi seluruh permukaan kutukula A. galli (Lalchhandama et al, 2009 Hasil penelitian ini sama dan mendukung temuan peneliti terdahulu yang menyatakan bahwa bahan alam memiliki aktivitas antelmintik pada beberapa cacing.…”

“…Aktivitas antelmintik ekstrak etanol kulit batang A. Oxyphylla menimbulkan efek penyusutan kutikula, kehilangan dan keruntuhan bibir, perluasan permukaan tubuh yang berkeriput, kutikula membengkak kecil-kecil menandakan mulai terjadi disintegrasi seluruh permukaan kutukula A. galli (Lalchhandama et al, 2009 Hasil penelitian ini sama dan mendukung temuan peneliti terdahulu yang menyatakan bahwa bahan alam memiliki aktivitas antelmintik pada beberapa cacing. Aktivitas antelmintik ekstrak biji V. merrillii secara in vitro dapat merusak kutikula cacing A. galli dewasa (Balqis et al, 2017). Perubahan histopatologi pada jaringan cacing trematoda dapat menimbulkan kerusakan pada tegumen karena adanya aktivitas antelmintik bahan alam.…”