Cutting the Network

Strathern, Marilyn

doi:10.2307/3034901

Cited by 930 publications

(433 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Scholars in socio-legal and science studies have described patents as law-science (Bowker 1992;Hilgartner 1998;Edmond 2001) and culture-nature hybrid networks (Strathern 1996;Pottage 1998) or as a vector (Sherman 1994). The benefit of understanding patents as hybrid entities is that one becomes attuned to their specific discursive underpinnings and conditions of material constitution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science Inside Law: The Making of a New Patent Class in the International Patent Classification

Kang¹

2012

Sci Context

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ArgumentRecent studies of patents have argued that the very materiality and techniques of legal media, such as the written patent document, are vital for the legal construction of a patentable invention. Developing the centrality placed on patent documents further, it becomes important to understand how these documents are ordered and mobilized. Patent classification answers the necessity of making the virtual nature of textual claims practicable by linking written inscription to bureaucracy. Here, the epistemological organization of documents overlaps with the grid of patent administration. How are scientific inventions represented in such a process? If we examine the process of creating a new patent category within the International Patent Classification (IPC), it becomes clear that disagreements about the substance of the novel inventive subject matter have been resolved by computer simulations of patent documents in draft classifications. The practical needs of patent examiners were the most important concerns in the making of a new category. Such a lack of epistemological mediation between the scientific and legal identities of an invention depicts a legal understanding that science is already inside patent law. From an internal legal perspective, the self-referential introduction of the new patent category may make practical sense; however it becomes problematic from a technological and scientific standpoint as the remit of the patent classification also affects other social contexts and practices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science Inside Law: The Making of a New Patent Class in the International Patent Classification

Kang¹

2012

Sci Context

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“…Latour, 1993;Bijker, 1995). In theory, intellectual property can help configure and shape those networks (Strathern, 1996) by making legal fences to keep certain actors out, and opening restricted byways to selective collaborators. Its role in innovation for the poor must be understood in the context of such network structures and relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering for the global poor: The role of intellectual property

Booker¹,

Gadgil²,

Winickoff³

2012

Science and Public Policy

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“…y ¿Dónde empieza y acaba ésta red y el campo? Preguntas que siguen resultando complicadas de responder, a pesar de haberlas formulado Marilyn Strathern (1996) hace ya años. Así, como hemos ido describiendo en este artículo, ambas preguntas han sido parte de nuestros ejercicios para articular el trabajo que estábamos haciendo.…”

Section: Liminalidad Sensibilidad Y Simetría En La Investigaciónunclassified

Liminalidad, sensibilidad y simetría en la investigación: estudio de la muerte encefálica

Pons¹,

Íñiguez-Rueda²

2014

ATHENEAD

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En este artículo hacemos una difracción metodológica sobre nuestra investigación acerca de la muerte encefálica. Nos centramos en la descripción de los encuentros entre investigadoras y participantes, que solemos resumir como la entrada al campo, y los consideramos momentos liminales. A partir de la narración de las tensiones y las incertidumbres, planteamos que estos momentos liminales, lejos de constituir meros trámites, ya dan cuenta de nuestro objeto de estudio. Así, por un lado, planteamos que nuestras prácticas de investigación participan del enactment del objeto. Por otro lado, hacemos un giro simétrico a la propuesta de los temas sensibles y desplazamos la noción de sensibilidad desde su enunciación como propiedad de ciertos temas hacia su ejercicio como práctica en la investigación. Finalmente, defendemos la necesidad de aproximarnos a estos momentos liminales con una sensibilidad que sea capaz de recoger la disonancia, las interferencias y las tensiones. This paper presents a methodological diffraction on our research about brain death. We focus on describing those encounters between researchers and participants that are usually summarized as entrance to the field and consider them liminal moments. Drawing on the tensions and uncertainties, we suggest that these liminal moments, rather than constituting mere formalities, are accounting for our object of study. On the one hand, we argue that our research practices are involved in enacting such object. On the other hand, we perform a symmetrical turn to the ways in which sensitive topics are investigated and displace the notion of sensitivity from its enunciation as a property of given topics to conceiving it as a research practice. Finally, we argue for the need to approach liminal moments in research with a sensitivity capable of accounting for dissonance, interference and tension. Palabras claveFlores-Pons, Gemma e Íñiguez-Rueda, Lupicinio (2014). Liminalidad, sensibilidad y simetría en la investigación: difracciones metodológicas en el estudio de la muerte encefálica. Athenea Digital, 14(3),

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Cutting the Network

Cited by 930 publications

References 23 publications

Science Inside Law: The Making of a New Patent Class in the International Patent Classification

Science Inside Law: The Making of a New Patent Class in the International Patent Classification

Engineering for the global poor: The role of intellectual property

Liminalidad, sensibilidad y simetría en la investigación: estudio de la muerte encefálica

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