Cyanidiales as Polyextreme Eukaryotes

Stadnichuk, Igor N.; Тропин, И. В.

doi:10.1134/s000629792205008x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…In addition to being an interesting system for the study of photosynthesis under extreme conditions, C. merolae is experimentally tractable due to its simple cellular and metabolic structures, its highly reduced and completely sequenced genome, and its amenability to molecular techniques (Matsuzaki et al 2004 ; Kuroiwa et al 2017 ). Further studies of C. merolae will expand our knowledge of the phylogenetically remote algae order Cyanidiales, which includes the only eukaryotes and phototrophs known to tolerate the conditions of acidic sulfur-rich geothermal springs (Miyagishima et al 2017 ; Stadnichuk and Tropin 2022 ). This unique environmental resilience suggests that Cyanidiales hold promise for production of biofuels and other high-value algal products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon-concentrating mechanism of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae

2023

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Cyanidioschyzonmerolae is an extremophilic red microalga which grows in low-pH, high-temperature environments. The basis of C. merolae’s environmental resilience is not fully characterized, including whether this alga uses a carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM). To determine if C. merolae uses a CCM, we measured CO2 uptake parameters using an open-path infra-red gas analyzer and compared them to values expected in the absence of a CCM. These measurements and analysis indicated that C. merolae had the gas-exchange characteristics of a CCM-operating organism: low CO2 compensation point, high affinity for external CO2, and minimized rubisco oxygenation. The biomass δ13C of C. merolae was also consistent with a CCM. The apparent presence of a CCM in C. merolae suggests the use of an unusual mechanism for carbon concentration, as C. merolae is thought to lack a pyrenoid and gas-exchange measurements indicated that C. merolae primarily takes up inorganic carbon as carbon dioxide, rather than bicarbonate. We use homology to known CCM components to propose a model of a pH-gradient-based CCM, and we discuss how this CCM can be further investigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon-concentrating mechanism of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae

2023

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“…The concentration of pigments in the aqueous extract was calculated by Ref. [29] using optical density values for the corresponding wavelengths. Protein content was determined by Lowry [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After careful mixing, the PBP and protein samples were taken at different growth phases of the batch culture (at least every two days). The P. purpureum culture suspension obtained in the experiment was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min, the pressurized liquid was drained, and the deposited biomass was frozen and used to determine the PBP by the spectrophotometric method [29]. To quantify B-PE, P. purpureum biomass was added to phosphate buffer (0.05 M; 7-7.5 pH) and placed alternately at −20 • C and 4 • C for 24 h for repeated freeze-thawing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and B-Phycoerythrin Production of Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Porphyridiales, Rhodophyta) under Different Carbon Supply

Боровков

Gudvilovich

Maltseva³

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Red microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Drew is a well-known object of biotechnology due to its unique ability to synthesize a wide range of biologically active compounds. Enough minerals in an accessible form in a medium are a prerequisite for maintaining a high growth rate of P. purpureum. Carbon is the main element of microalgal biomass and is a component of all organic compounds. The work aimed to study the morphological features of cells and the accumulation and production of B-phycoerythrin and total protein in P. purpureum biomass in different ways of supplying CO2 into the culture. In Variant 1, CO2 was directly injected into a gas–air mixture (2–3 percent v/v) used for culture bubbling via capillary. In Variant 2, the air was supplied to the culture through the aquarium sparger. Variant 3 was like the first one but without the additional introduction of carbon dioxide. The application of the method for sparging atmospheric air led to a significant increase in both the productivity of the P. purpureum and the rate of protein and B-phycoerythrin synthesis in comparison with growing it using the air without spraying (two-and-a-half times, five times, and more than eight times, respectively). Moreover, there were significant changes in the morphological structure of P. purpureum cells, which were visualized both by microscopy and by changes in the color of the culture. Based on the experimental data obtained, the variants for the carbon supply experiment were ranked as follows: Variant 1 is better than Variant 2 and Variant 3. The use of atomization as a technological method made it possible to speed up the transfer of carbon dioxide from the air to the medium, which helped to keep the growth rate of P. purpureum biomass and B-phycoerythrin accumulation high.

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“…The thermoacidophilic Cyanidiophytina with a single class of Cyanidiales were separated 1.4 BYA from the rest of the red algae. Together with Glaulaucophyta, they are the most ancient eukaryotic photosynthetics [11,64].…”

Section: Red Algae Phycobilisomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phycobilisomes and Phycobiliproteins in the Pigment Apparatus of Oxygenic Photosynthetics: From Cyanobacteria to Tertiary Endosymbiosis

Stadnichuk

Kusnetsov

2023

IJMS

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Eukaryotic photosynthesis originated in the course of evolution as a result of the uptake of some unstored cyanobacterium and its transformation to chloroplasts by an ancestral heterotrophic eukaryotic cell. The pigment apparatus of Archaeplastida and other algal phyla that emerged later turned out to be arranged in the same way. Pigment-protein complexes of photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) are characterized by uniform structures, while the light-harvesting antennae have undergone a series of changes. The phycobilisome (PBS) antenna present in cyanobacteria was replaced by Chl a/b- or Chl a/c-containing pigment–protein complexes in most groups of photosynthetics. In the form of PBS or phycobiliprotein aggregates, it was inherited by members of Cyanophyta, Cryptophyta, red algae, and photosynthetic amoebae. Supramolecular organization and architectural modifications of phycobiliprotein antennae in various algal phyla in line with the endosymbiotic theory of chloroplast origin are the subject of this review.

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Cyanidiales as Polyextreme Eukaryotes

Cited by 6 publications

References 93 publications

The carbon-concentrating mechanism of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae

The carbon-concentrating mechanism of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae

Growth and B-Phycoerythrin Production of Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Porphyridiales, Rhodophyta) under Different Carbon Supply

Phycobilisomes and Phycobiliproteins in the Pigment Apparatus of Oxygenic Photosynthetics: From Cyanobacteria to Tertiary Endosymbiosis

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