Cyanotoxin bioaccumulation in freshwater fish, Washington State, USA

Hardy, F. Joan; Johnson, Art; Hamel, Kathy; Preece, Ellen P.

doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4875-x

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The analytical method used is likely extremely important in influencing the observed toxin concentration in fish. Different concentrations of MCs from the same sample have been previously detected with different analysis methods (e.g., Gkelis et al, 2006;Hardy et al, 2015). Comparison of MC concentrations in different organisms is difficult due to the variety of methods employed, protein binding affinity, and differences in pharmacokinetics in different organisms (Adamovskỳ et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Lc-ms/ms Gc-ms;mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Analysis of the Relationship between Concentrations of Microcystins in Water and Fish

2018

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Cyanobacteria, the primary bloom-forming organisms in fresh water, elicit a spectrum of problems in lentic systems. The most immediate concern for people and animals are cyanobacterial toxins, which have been detected at variable concentrations in water and fish around the world. Cyanotoxins can transfer through food webs, potentially increasing the risk of exposure to people who eat fish from affected waters, yet little is known about how cyanotoxins fluctuate in wild fish tissues. We collated existing studies on cyanotoxins in fish and fresh water from lakes around the world into a global dataset to test the hypothesis that cyanotoxin concentrations in fish increase with water toxin concentrations. We limited our quantitative analysis to microcystins because data on other cyanotoxins in fish were sparse, but we provided a qualitative summary of other cyanotoxins reported in wild, freshwater fish tissues. We found a positive relationship between intracellular microcystin in water samples and microcystin in fish tissues that had been analyzed by assay methods (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and protein phosphatase inhibition assay). We expected microcystin to be found in increasingly higher concentrations from carnivorous to omnivorous to planktivorous fishes. We found, however, that omnivores generally had the highest tissue microcystin concentrations. Additionally, we found contrasting results for the level of microcystin in different tissue types depending on the toxin analysis method. Because microcystin and other cyanotoxins have the potential to impact public health, our results underline the current need for comprehensive and uniform detection methods for the analysis of cyanotoxins in complex matrices.

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Section: Lc-ms/ms Gc-ms;mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Analysis of the Relationship between Concentrations of Microcystins in Water and Fish

2018

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“…There is also mounting evidence of chronic health problems associated with MC exposure, including a higher incidence of non-alcoholic liver cancer [16,17,18,19]. More recently, MCs have been shown to transfer up the pelagic food chain to fish [20], with additional long-term implications for human health [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meteorological and Nutrient Conditions Influence Microcystin Congeners in Freshwaters

Taranu

Pick

Creed

et al. 2019

Toxins

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Cyanobacterial blooms increasingly impair inland waters, with the potential for a concurrent increase in cyanotoxins that have been linked to animal and human mortalities. Microcystins (MCs) are among the most commonly detected cyanotoxins, but little is known about the distribution of different MC congeners despite large differences in their biomagnification, persistence, and toxicity. Using raw-water intake data from sites around the Great Lakes basin, we applied multivariate canonical analyses and regression tree analyses to identify how different congeners (MC-LA, -LR, -RR, and -YR) varied with changes in meteorological and nutrient conditions over time (10 years) and space (longitude range: 77°2′60 to 94°29′23 W). We found that MC-LR was associated with strong winds, warm temperatures, and nutrient-rich conditions, whereas the equally toxic yet less commonly studied MC-LA tended to dominate under intermediate winds, wetter, and nutrient-poor conditions. A global synthesis of lake data in the peer-reviewed literature showed that the composition of MC congeners differs among regions, with MC-LA more commonly reported in North America than Europe. Global patterns of MC congeners tended to vary with lake nutrient conditions and lake morphometry. Ultimately, knowledge of the environmental factors leading to the formation of different MC congeners in freshwaters is necessary to assess the duration and degree of toxin exposure under future global change.

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“…The main route of human exposure to MC-LR is the ingestion of contaminated water and/or food. Fish food products are considered the main vectors of cyanotoxins (Hardy et al, 2015, Ni et al, 2015; nevertheless, toxin transfer may also occur with consumption of horticultural products. Indeed, several studies have already reported the accumulation of MCs in agricultural food products (Corbel et al, 2014a, Romero-Oliva et al, 2014 and suggest the use of surface water contaminated with MC-LR as the main cause of contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the use of microcystin-contaminated water in the growth and nutritional quality of the root-vegetable, Daucus carota

Machado

Azevedo

Freitas

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are often observed in freshwaters and may reflect the increased eutrophication of these environments and alterations in climate. Cyanotoxins, such as microcystins (MCs), are an effective threat to many life forms, ranging from plants to humans. Despite the research conducted to date on cyanotoxins, the risks associated to the use of contaminated water in agriculture require further elucidation. To tackle this aim, a research was conducted with the root-vegetable Daucus carota. The specific aims of this work were the following: (i) to evaluate the effects of MC-LR on the plant growth and photosynthesis; (ii) to evaluate the nutritional quality of carrot roots; and (iii) to measure bioaccumulation. To this purpose, young carrots were grown in soil during 1 month in natural conditions and exposed to Mycrocystis aeruginosa aqueous extracts containing environmentally realistic concentrations of MC-LR (10 and 50 MC-LR μg/L). The results showed that MC-LR may decrease root growth after 28 days of exposure to 50 μg/L and increase photosynthetic efficiency. We also observed changes in mineral and vitamin content in carrots as a result of the exposure to contaminated water. Moreover, MC-LR was detected in carrot roots by ELISA at very low concentration 5.23 ± 0.47 ng MC eq./g FW. The soil retained 52.7 % of the toxin potentially available for plants. This result could be attributed to MC-LR adsorption by soil particles or due to microbial degradation of the toxin. We conclude that the prolonged use of MC-LR-contaminated water may affect crop growth, alter the nutritional value of vegetable products, and potentiate contamination.

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Cyanotoxin bioaccumulation in freshwater fish, Washington State, USA

Cited by 39 publications

References 45 publications

A Global Analysis of the Relationship between Concentrations of Microcystins in Water and Fish

A Global Analysis of the Relationship between Concentrations of Microcystins in Water and Fish

Meteorological and Nutrient Conditions Influence Microcystin Congeners in Freshwaters

Analysis of the use of microcystin-contaminated water in the growth and nutritional quality of the root-vegetable, Daucus carota

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