Cycle Development in a Mini-Freeze Dryer: Evaluation of Manometric Temperature Measurement in Small-Scale Equipment

Wenzel, Tim; Gieseler, Margit; Abdul‐Fattah, Ahmad M.; Gieseler, Henning

doi:10.1208/s12249-021-02014-w

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The stippled bottom of the molded vials (Fig. 14) [51] in combination with the curvature at the bottom limits direct contact between the shelf surface area and vial bottom for heat transfer.…”

Section: Addressing the Impact Of Container Closure Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Practices and Guidelines (2022) for Scale-up and Technology Transfer in Freeze Drying Based on Case Studies. Part 2: Past Practices, Current Best Practices, and Recommendations

et al. 2023

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Scale-up and transfer of lyophilization processes remain very challenging tasks considering the technical challenges and the high cost of the process itself. The challenges in scale-up and transfer were discussed in the first part of this paper and include vial breakage during freezing at commercial scale, cake resistance differences between scales, impact of differences in refrigeration capacities, and geometry on the performance of dryers. The second part of this work discusses successful and unsuccessful practices in scale-up and transfer based on the experience of the authors. Regulatory aspects of scale-up and transfer of lyophilization processes were also outlined including a topic on the equivalency of dryers. Based on an analysis of challenges and a summary of best practices, recommendations on scale-up and transfer of lyophilization processes are given including projections on future directions in this area of the freeze drying field. Recommendations on the choice of residual vacuum in the vials were also provided for a wide range of vial capacities. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Addressing the Impact Of Container Closure Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Practices and Guidelines (2022) for Scale-up and Technology Transfer in Freeze Drying Based on Case Studies. Part 2: Past Practices, Current Best Practices, and Recommendations

et al. 2023

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“…In the refrigeration system, the heat brought to the system by the power consumed by the pump is ignored [15], while the heat balance Equation (1) of the whole refrigeration device is as follows:…”

Section: Energy Saving Improvement Strategy Of Vacuum Freeze Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Energy Consumption of the Lyophilizer System Using Solar Absorption Refrigeration

2021

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To design a lyophilizer plant in Guangzhou, the author of this paper used a solar energy absorption refrigeration system and a waste heat of solar absorption refrigeration system. Using Trnsys software, the simulation results show that the solar assurance rate of 74.96% on July 28th can save coal quantity of about 236.8 kg, a solar assurance rate of 53.48% in July can save coal quantity of about 4790.9 kg, and an annual solar assurance rate of 39.06% can save about 40657.1 kg, and each have good environmental benefits.

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Cycle Development in a Mini-Freeze Dryer: Evaluation of Manometric Temperature Measurement in Small-Scale Equipment

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Best Practices and Guidelines (2022) for Scale-up and Technology Transfer in Freeze Drying Based on Case Studies. Part 2: Past Practices, Current Best Practices, and Recommendations

Best Practices and Guidelines (2022) for Scale-up and Technology Transfer in Freeze Drying Based on Case Studies. Part 2: Past Practices, Current Best Practices, and Recommendations

Analysis of Energy Consumption of the Lyophilizer System Using Solar Absorption Refrigeration

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