“…Ample attention is also being directed to cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), as carriers for intracellular transport cargoes such as siRNA, nucleic acids, proteins, various nano-particulate pharmaceutical carriers (e.g., liposomes, micelles), small molecule therapeutic agents as well as quantum dots and MRI contrast agents (Brasseur and Divita, 2010;Bechara and Sagan, 2013;Choi and David, 2014;Copolovici et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014;Huang et al, 2015;Skotland et al, 2015;Dinca et al, 2016;Kurrikoff et al, 2016;Lehto et al, 2016;Guidotti et al, 2017;Hoffmann et al, 2018;Panigrahi et al, 2018;Ramaker et al, 2018;Vánová et al, 2019), since these are internalized by cells in an exceedingly effective manner. The study by Ramaker et al observed a statistically substantial dependence of CPPs' uptake efficiency on both net charge and peptide length; longer CPP possibly due to more ordered α-helical structure with high charge could ferry conjugated cargo across membranes more efficiently (Ramaker et al, 2018).…”