Cyclic re-austenitization of copper-bearing high-strength low-alloy steels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

Sridar, Soumya; Zhao, Yunhao

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110437

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…HSLA-115 steel for AM The HSLA steels are widely used in many structural applications, such as bridges, ship hulls, and mining equipment [32][33][34][35] . Due to the excellent mechanical properties and good weldability, HSLA steel is an outstanding candidate for AM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty quantification and composition optimization for alloy additive manufacturing through a CALPHAD-based ICME framework

Wang

2020

npj Comput Mater

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During powder production, the pre-alloyed powder composition often deviates from the target composition leading to undesirable properties of additive manufacturing (AM) components. Therefore, we developed a method to perform high-throughput calculation and uncertainty quantification by using a CALPHAD-based ICME framework (CALPHAD: calculations of phase diagrams, ICME: integrated computational materials engineering) to optimize the composition, and took the high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) as a case study. We analyzed the process–structure–property relationships for 450,000 compositions around the nominal composition of HSLA-115. Properties that are critical for the performance, such as yield strength, impact transition temperature, and weldability, were evaluated to optimize the composition. With the same uncertainty as to the initial composition, and optimized average composition has been determined, which increased the probability of achieving successful AM builds by 44.7%. The present strategy is general and can be applied to other alloy composition optimization to expand the choices of alloy for additive manufacturing. Such a method also calls for high-quality CALPHAD databases and predictive ICME models.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty quantification and composition optimization for alloy additive manufacturing through a CALPHAD-based ICME framework

Wang

2020

npj Comput Mater

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“…Moreover, the grains are coarser in the middle portion since it has undergone multiple thermal cycling during the deposition in comparison with the top section of the sample. KAM represents the residual stresses qualitatively and is defined as the average misorientation around a point corresponding to a defined set of nearest neighbors [36,37]. Therefore, we applied it to gain more insight into the crack formation at locations 1 and 2.…”

Section: Characterization Of Cracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Location-Specific Solidification Cracking Susceptibility for a Mixed Dissimilar Alloy Processed by Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing

Sridar¹,

Sargent²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Solidification cracking is a major obstacle when joining dissimilar alloys using additive manufacturing. In this work, location-specific solidification cracking susceptibility has been investigated using an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) approach for a graded alloy formed by mixing P91 steel and Inconel 740H superalloy. An alloy derived from a mixture of 26 wt.% P91 steel and 74 wt.% Inconel 740H, with high configurational and total entropy, was fabricated using wire-arc additive manufacturing. Microstructure characterization revealed intergranular solidification cracks, which increased in length along with the build height. With inputs from experiments, such as secondary dendrite arm spacing, the DICTRA (diffusion-controlled transformations) module within the Thermo-Calc software was used to model location-specific solidification cracking susceptibility. The top region, with the highest cooling rate, has the highest solidification cracking susceptibility and is in good agreement with the experimentally observed crack length. From Scheil simulations, it was deduced that pronounced segregation of Nb and Cu within the cracks increased the solidification range by suppressing the solidus temperature. The overall solidification cracking susceptibility and freezing range was highest for the 26 wt.% P91 alloy amongst the mixed compositions between P91 steel and 740H superalloy, proving that solidification characteristics play a major role in alloy design for additive manufacturing.

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“…Moreover, the grains were coarser in the middle portion, since it underwent multiple thermal cycling during the deposition, in comparison with the top section of the sample. KAM qualitatively represents the residual stresses and is defined as the average misorientation around a point corresponding to a defined set of nearest neighbors [35,36]. Therefore, we applied it to gain further insight into the crack formation at locations 1 and 2.…”

Section: Characterization Of Cracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Location-Specific Solidification Cracking Susceptibility for a Mixed Dissimilar Alloy Processed by Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing

Sridar

Sargent

Wang

et al. 2022

Metals

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solidification cracking is a major obstacle when joining dissimilar alloys using additive manufacturing. In this work, location-specific solidification cracking susceptibility has been investigated using an integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) approach for a graded alloy formed by mixing P91 steel and Inconel 740H superalloy. An alloy mixture of 26 wt.% P91 and 74 wt.% Inconel 740H, with high configurational and total entropy, was fabricated using wire arc additive manufacturing. Microstructure characterization revealed intergranular solidification cracks in the FCC matrix, which increased in length along with the enrichment of Nb (~27 to 56 wt.%) and Cu (~87 wt.%) in the middle and top regions. DICTRA simulations to model location-specific solidification cracking susceptibility showed that the top region with the highest cooling rate (270 K/s) has the highest solidification cracking susceptibility in comparison with the middle and bottom regions. This is in good agreement with the experimentally observed varying crack length. From Scheil simulations, it was deduced that enrichment of Nb and Cu affected the solidification range as high as ~77%, in comparison with the matrix composition. The overall solidification cracking susceptibility and freezing range was highest for the 26 wt.% P91 alloy amongst the mixed compositions between P91 steel and 740H superalloy, proving that solidification characteristics play a major role in alloy design for additive manufacturing.

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Cyclic re-austenitization of copper-bearing high-strength low-alloy steels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Uncertainty quantification and composition optimization for alloy additive manufacturing through a CALPHAD-based ICME framework

Uncertainty quantification and composition optimization for alloy additive manufacturing through a CALPHAD-based ICME framework

Determination of Location-Specific Solidification Cracking Susceptibility for a Mixed Dissimilar Alloy Processed by Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing

Determination of Location-Specific Solidification Cracking Susceptibility for a Mixed Dissimilar Alloy Processed by Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing

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