Cyclin D2 Is Critical for Intermediate Progenitor Cell Proliferation in the Embryonic Cortex

Glickstein, Sara B.; Monaghan, Jacqueline; Koeller, Hajira B.; Jones, Tiffany; Ross, M. Elizabeth

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2284-09.2009

Cited by 110 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…3C; see Table S3 in the supplementary material). In particular, cell #2 had Present calls for Pcna, cyclin D2 (Ccnd2 -Mouse Genome Informatics) (Glickstein et al, 2009), cyclin E1 (Ccne1) and cyclin E2 (Ccne2), and cell #4 had Present calls for cyclin D1 (Ccnd1) and cyclin D2 (Fig. 3D).…”

Section: Co-expression Of Gad67 and Cell-cycle Markers In Ipgns As Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Tangential migration and proliferation of intermediate progenitors of GABAergic neurons in the mouse telencephalon

Esumi

Watanabe

et al. 2011

Development

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SUMMARYIn the embryonic neocortex, neuronal precursors are generated in the ventricular zone (VZ) and accumulate in the cortical plate. Recently, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the embryonic neocortex was recognized as an additional neurogenic site for both principal excitatory neurons and GABAergic inhibitory neurons. To gain insight into the neurogenesis of GABAergic neurons in the SVZ, we investigated the characteristics of intermediate progenitors of GABAergic neurons (IPGNs) in mouse neocortex by immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, single-cell RT-PCR and single-cell array analysis. IPGNs were identified by their expression of some neuronal and cell cycle markers. Moreover, we investigated the origins of the neocortical IPGNs by Cre-loxP fate mapping in transgenic mice and the transduction of part of the telencephalic VZ by Cre-reporter plasmids, and found them in the medial and lateral ganglionic eminence. Therefore, they must migrate tangentially within the telencephalon to reach the neocortex. Cell-lineage analysis by simple-retrovirus transduction revealed that the neocortical IPGNs self-renew and give rise to a small number of neocortical GABAergic neurons and to a large number of granule and periglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb. IPGNs are maintained in the neocortex and may act as progenitors for adult neurogenesis.

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Section: Co-expression Of Gad67 and Cell-cycle Markers In Ipgns As Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Tangential migration and proliferation of intermediate progenitors of GABAergic neurons in the mouse telencephalon

Esumi

Watanabe

et al. 2011

Development

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“…27 In cyclin D2-knockout mice, the brain size is smaller and adult neurogenesis is dramatically impaired. [28][29][30][31] Cyclin D2 is essential for expansion of the NSPCs in both embryonic and adult brains, but what is the significance of the biased localization of cyclin D2 in the basal endfoot of the APs? Figure 1.…”

Section: Cyclin D2 and Brain Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to keep proliferative neural stem/progenitor cells

Tsunekawa

Osumi

2012

Cell Cycle

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I t has long been argued that cell cycle regulators such as cyclins, cyclindependent kinases and their inhibitors affect the fate of neuronal progenitor cells. Recently, we identified that cyclin D2, which localizes at the basal tip of the radial glial cell (i.e., the neural progenitor in the developing neocortex), functions to give differential cell fates to its daughter cells just after cell division. This basally biased localization is due to transportation of cyclin D2 mRNA via its unique cis-regulatory sequence and local translation into cyclin D2 protein at the basal endfoot. During division of the neural progenitor cells, cyclin D2 protein is inherited by the daughter cell that retain the basal process, resulting in asymmetric distribution of cyclin D2 protein between the two daughter cells. Cyclin D2 is similarly localized in the human fetal cortical primordium, suggesting a common mechanism for the maintenance of neural progenitors and a possible scenario in evolution of primate brains. Here we introduce our recent findings and discuss how cyclin D2 functions in mammalian brain development and evolution.

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“…Hence, we injected mice with a single dose of BrdU, 24 hours before sacrifice. The cell cycle exit index was then scored by defining the ratio between BrdU þ /Ki-67 À cells and total BrdU þ cells in the DG, corresponding to the fraction of precursors leaving the cell cycle within 24 hours, as described previously [35][36][37][38] (Fig. 5A).…”

Section: Cdk6 2/2 Neural Precursors Prematurely Exit the Cell Cycle Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Cdk6-Dependent Regulation of G1 Length Controls Adult Neurogenesis

et al. 2011

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The presence of neurogenic precursors in the adult mammalian brain is now widely accepted, but the mechanisms coupling their proliferation with the onset of neuronal differentiation remain unknown. Here, we unravel the major contribution of the G 1 regulator cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (Cdk6) to adult neurogenesis. We found that Cdk6 was essential for cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Specifically, Cdk6 deficiency prevents the expansion of neuronally committed precursors by lengthening G 1 phase duration, reducing concomitantly the production of newborn neurons. Altogether, our data support G 1 length as an essential regulator of the switch between proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the adult brain and Cdk6 as one intrinsic key molecular regulator of this process. STEM CELLS 2011;29:713-724 Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

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Cyclin D2 Is Critical for Intermediate Progenitor Cell Proliferation in the Embryonic Cortex

Cited by 110 publications

References 47 publications

Tangential migration and proliferation of intermediate progenitors of GABAergic neurons in the mouse telencephalon

Tangential migration and proliferation of intermediate progenitors of GABAergic neurons in the mouse telencephalon

How to keep proliferative neural stem/progenitor cells

Cdk6-Dependent Regulation of G1 Length Controls Adult Neurogenesis

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