Cycling of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds in Anaerobically Digested Biosolids and its Implications for Odors

Higgins, Matthew J.; Chen, Yen Chih; Yarosz, Douglas P.; Murthy, Sudhir; Maas, Nick A.; Glindemann, Dietmar; Novak, John T.

doi:10.2175/106143005x90065

Cited by 202 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated an interaction between methanogens and S emission probably caused by the ability of methanogens to demethylate organic S compounds (Higgins et al, 2006;Eriksen et al, 2010). A similar interaction was not evident in our data, although at Day 27 methanogenic activity, as revealed by high CH 4 emission rates in +CaCl 2 and +BA+CaCl 2 treatments, was accompanied by low MT and DMS emission levels.…”

Section: Sulfur Turnoversupporting

confidence: 75%

Effects of Acidifying Pig Diets on Emissions of Ammonia, Methane, and Sulfur from Slurry during Storage

et al. 2014

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Ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization from intensive livestock production is a threat to natural ecosystems. This study investigated pig diet manipulation by 1% (w/w) benzoic acid (BA) amendment and lowering of dietary electrolyte balance through substituting 1.4% (w/w) CaCO 3 with 2.0% (w/w) CaCl 2 . Urine and feces were collected separately from 24 pigs fed one of four diets (Control, +BA, +CaCl 2 , +BA+CaCl 2 ) in metabolic cages and mixed as slurry. During 103 d of storage, all acidifying diets consistently reduced pH in the slurry by 0.4 to 0.6 units. There was a strong relationship between slurry pH and NH 3 emissions, which were considerably reduced by the three acidifying diets. The +BA diet decreased NH 3 emission by 28%, the +CaCl 2 diet by 37%, and the combined +BA and +CaCl 2 diet by 40%. Acidifying diets had no effect on S cycling or emission of volatile S compounds under the prevailing conditions of restricted S feeding. Methane (CH 4 ) emissions were increased by 73% in diets with CaCl 2 . An initial delay in CH 4 emissions was investigated in a separate experiment with manipulation of pH (5.4, 6.7, or 8.8) and inoculation with adapted pig slurry (0, 4, 11, or 19%), which showed that methanogenic potential, rather than inhibitory effects of the chemical environment, caused the delay. In conclusion, NH 3 emissions from slurry could be reduced by addition of BA to pig diets or by controlling the dietary electrolyte balance, but there was no additive effect of combining the two strategies. However, CH 4 emissions from slurry may increase with acidifying diets.

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Section: Sulfur Turnoversupporting

confidence: 75%

Effects of Acidifying Pig Diets on Emissions of Ammonia, Methane, and Sulfur from Slurry during Storage

et al. 2014

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“…Immediately after extraction from the PETE bottles, analytical testing for selected odorants in headspace gases were analyzed Bucknell University using GC-MS and GC equipped with flame ionization detector gas analyses using the methodology described by Higgins et al (2006). The remaining volumes were collected in Tedlar ™ bags, diluted 100x with odorless nitrogen gas in 10-L Tedlar ™ bags and evaluated at the Penn State Odor Assessment laboratory within 4 hours.…”

Section: Laboratory Olfactometry and Analytical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higgins et al (2006Higgins et al ( , 2008 have shown that during "staging" (1-day to 10-days holding time) of dewatered biosolids cake, there is an initial production of high concentrations of total volatile organic sulfur compounds (TVOSCs), including: methyl…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Amendment Addition on Biosolids Odors based on Gas Chromatography Analysis and Odor Panel Observations

Johnston¹,

Higgins²,

Brandt³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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Many claims have been made regarding the effectiveness of chemical additives and amendments (A&As) to reduce the potential for odors from organic residuals. Various A&As have been added to biosolids during conditioning and dewatering, or directly to dewatered cake, with limited success. The Philadelphia Water Department (PWD) annually produces >200,000 wet tons of biosolids via anaerobic digestion, followed by high speed centrifuge dewatering. Nuisance odors were reported during staging/ storage of biosolids cake at the Philadelphia Biosolids Recycling Center, and land application sites. This manuscript summarizes results for several A&As that was evaluated relative to their potential to reduce odors in staged and/or stored PDW biosolids. Conventional head space sampling from incubated biosolids samples and GC-MS analysis was coupled with human sensory evaluation. Of the A&As selected for study, none were effective for both staging and storage odor mitigation situations. Lime kiln dust performed best for staging, and high carbon wood ash performed best for storage. Correlation of specific odorant gasses with odor panel results revealed mixed findings.

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“…Industrial sources of RSCs include fugitive emissions (leakages) from the steel industry, pulp and 55 paper mills, refineries, incinerators, landfills, and sewage treatment facilities. Higgins et al 2006 [7] studied the mechanisms for production and degradation of sulfur compounds, key molecules that cause odor produced by biosolids. Additionally, their chemistry in the atmosphere has significant implications for global climate changes by impact radiative forcing, ozone layer depletion and the acidity of precipitation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of reduced sulfur compounds in air samples for the monitoring of malodor caused by landfills

Borrás

Tortajada-Genaro

Muñoz

2016

Talanta

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A reliable method for determining malodorous reduced sulfur compounds (RSC) in atmospheric samples has been developed. The method uses an activated coconut 25 solid-phase sorbent for active sampling, hexane as desorption solvent, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique for specific and sensitive separation-detection. The compounds analyzed were hydrogen sulfide, ethyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, butyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide.

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Cycling of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds in Anaerobically Digested Biosolids and its Implications for Odors

Cited by 202 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Acidifying Pig Diets on Emissions of Ammonia, Methane, and Sulfur from Slurry during Storage

Effects of Acidifying Pig Diets on Emissions of Ammonia, Methane, and Sulfur from Slurry during Storage

Effect of Amendment Addition on Biosolids Odors based on Gas Chromatography Analysis and Odor Panel Observations

Determination of reduced sulfur compounds in air samples for the monitoring of malodor caused by landfills

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