Cyclones in a changing climate: the case of Bangladesh

Dasgupta, Susmita; Huq, Mainul; Khan, Zahirul Haque; Ahmed, Manjur Murshed Zahid; Mukherjee, Nandan; Khan, M. Fida Abdullah; Pandey, Kiran

doi:10.1080/17565529.2013.868335

Cited by 127 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Salinity intrusion is one of the major concerns in the coastal area-especially in the low lying deltaic region around the world-which will progressively increase due to climate change effects like a reduced discharge, a sea level rise (SLR), and the frequent incident of cyclone events [1][2][3][4]. The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta is a low lying deltaic region of 14 million people where salinity intrusion is a major problem [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Akter

Asik

Sakib

et al. 2019

Climate

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Salinity intrusion through the estuaries in low-lying tide-dominated deltas is a serious threat that is expected to worsen in changing climatic conditions. This research makes a comparative analysis on the impact of salinity intrusion due to a reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclonic conditions to find which one of these event dominates the salinity intrusion. A calibrated and validated salinity model (Delft3D) and storm surge model (Delft Dashboard) are used to simulate the surface water salinity for different climatic conditions. Results show that the effects of the reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclones cause different levels of impacts in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta along the Bangladesh coast. Reduced upstream discharge causes an increased saltwater intrusion in the entire region. A rising sea level causes increased salinity in the shallower coast. The cyclonic impact on saltwater intrusion is confined within the landfall zone. These outcomes suggest that, for a tide dominated delta, if a sea level rise (SLR) or cyclone occurred, the impact would be conditional and local. However, if the upstream discharge reduces, the impact would be gradual and along the entire coast.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Akter

Asik

Sakib

et al. 2019

Climate

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“…Global sea surface temperature is about 1 C higher now than 140 years ago (Dailidiene et al, 2011). Global warming as well as greenhouse effect leads to higher sea surface temperature that is likely to intensify cyclones (Dasgupta et al, 2011). A sea surface temperature of 28 C is considered an important factor for development of hurricane categories 3, 4, and 5 ( Knutson and Tuleya, 2004).…”

Section: Climate Change and Coastal Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 1877 and 1995, Bangladesh was hit by 154 cyclones, including 43 severe cyclones (Dasgupta et al, 2011). On average, a severe cyclone hits the country every three years (GoB, 2009), and the frequency of 7 m height cyclonic surge occurs once every five years (Dasgupta et al, 2011).…”

Section: Climate Change and Coastal Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Threatening “white gold”: Impacts of climate change on shrimp farming in coastal Bangladesh

Ahmed

Diana

2015

Ocean & Coastal Management

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“…In the last ten years, the area has been affected by two major cyclones. Sidr (2007) and Aila (2009), both category five cyclones, made landfall in the Southwest, causing storm surges, and destruction of embankments that lead to widespread salinity intrusion (Coirolo, Commins, Haque, & Pierce, 2013;Dasgupta, Huq, Khan, & Zahid, 2016;Warner et al, 2012). Salinity is widely documented as a major environmental challenge in the region (UNICEF, 2014), with a saline front stretching up to 100 kilometres inland (Khan et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Chapter One: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change adaptation in Southwest Bangladesh: vulnerability and gender inequality

MacMahon¹

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The threat of climate change looms large for Bangladesh, located between the Ganges Delta and the Bay of Bengal. Climate change is expected to impact the lives and livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of people in Bangladesh, particularly those who live in coastal areas and are poor or disadvantaged. Women are considered to be particularly vulnerable as a result of gendered roles, responsibilities and limited entitlements. While there is a growing body of work regarding the ways in which gender, class, and livelihoods contribute to climate change vulnerability in Bangladesh, there is little scholarship examining adaptation in terms of its capacity to address the social and political aspects of vulnerability. In addition, much gender and climate change research suffers from static representations of women and gender relations.To address these gaps in the literature, this thesis uses adaptive capacity vulnerability theory, in conjunction with feminist political ecology, to examine the transformative capacity of adaptation initiatives in the Bagerhat region of Southwest of Bangladesh. By adopting a bottom-up approach to social enquiry, this thesis investigates, 1) The nature and community experiences of environmental and climate changes in the region; 2) The social factors that mediate experiences of environmental and climate change, including gender, class and governance; and 3) The ways in which adaptation initiatives interact with underlying causes of vulnerability, with a focus gender.Employing an embedded case study approach and utilising a range of participatory methods, this thesis makes four key findings. Firstly, climate change in Southwest Bangladesh is situated within local political, economic and ecological contexts. The impacts of climate change were found to be 'magnifying' a range of pre-existing environmental challenges that have occurred as a result of political and economic interventions in agriculture in the Southwest. Secondly, women's experiences of, and responses to, environmental change were being shaped by gendered roles, responsibilities and expectations. Gender in this context was undergoing changes as a result of material needs, and women's own agentic desires to help their communities. However, these shifts were having little impact on women's broader capabilities and entitlements. Thirdly, the adaptation initiatives observed were doing little to enhance community capacities in climate change adaptation, and were failing to respond to macro political and economic issues. Most adaptation initiatives, including small-scale improvements to farming and livelihoods, had largely failed to address poverty, gender inequality or the underlying causes of environmental change. Rather, these iii initiatives were assigning obligations to communities, allowing governments to abdicate their responsibilities. Finally, what these findings suggest is that in order to initiate adaptation measures that are sustainable and socially just, there is a need for an approach that is inclusive and transform...

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Cyclones in a changing climate: the case of Bangladesh

Cited by 127 publications

References 8 publications

The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Threatening “white gold”: Impacts of climate change on shrimp farming in coastal Bangladesh

Climate change adaptation in Southwest Bangladesh: vulnerability and gender inequality

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