Cyclonic eddies in the West Greenland Boundary Current System

Abstract

The boundary current system in the Labrador Sea plays an integral role in modulating convection in the interior basin. Four years of mooring data from the eastern Labrador Sea reveal persistent mesoscale variability in the West Greenland boundary current. Between 2014 and 2018, 197 mid-depth intensified cyclones were identified that passed the array near the 2000 m isobath. In this study, we quantify these features and show that they are the downstream manifestation of Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) cyclones. A composite cyclone is constructed revealing an average radius of 9 km, maximum azimuthal speed of 24 cm/s, and a core propagation velocity of 27 cm/s. The core propagation velocity is significantly smaller than upstream near Denmark Strait, allowing them to trap more water. The cyclones transport a 200-m thick lens of dense water at the bottom of the water column, and increase the transport of DSOW in the West Greenland boundary current by 17% relative to the background flow. Only a portion of the features generated at Denmark Strait make it to the Labrador Sea, implying that the remainder are shed into the interior Irminger Sea, are retroflected at Cape Farewell, or dissipate. A synoptic shipboard survey east of Cape Farewell, conducted in summer 2020, captured two of these features which shed further light on their structure and timing. This is the first time DSOW cyclones have been observed in the Labrador Sea—a discovery that could have important implications for interior stratification.

Wind‐Forced Upwelling Along the West Greenland Shelfbreak: Implications for Labrador Sea Water Formation

“… Vertical section showing the mooring array instrument configuration (from Pacini et al., 2021). The solid symbols denote the instrument deployment locations, and the shading indicates the depth range over which instruments sampled due to mooring blowdowns.…”

Emerging Influence of Enhanced Greenland Melting on Boundary Currents and Deep Convection Regimes in the Labrador and Irminger Seas

“…The WGC consists of near surface buoyant and fresh waters with warmer and salty Irminger water at depth (Fratantoni & Pickart, 2007; Gou et al., 2022; Myers et al., 2007; Pacini et al., 2020). Freshwater can be transported by the WGC, northward into Baffin Bay, or cyclonically around the Labrador basin (Gou et al., 2021; Pacini et al., 2021). Freshwater from the WGC can be fluxed into the central Labrador Sea via offshore Ekman transport (Castelao et al., 2019; Luo et al., 2016; Schulze Chretien & Frajka‐Williams, 2018) and eddies (Katsman et al., 2004; Lilly et al., 2003; Pacini & Pickart, 2022; Rieck et al., 2019).…”