Cystic lymphangioma of the breast in a 6-year-old boy

Solitary cystic mediastinal lymphangioma

“…Complete resection may occasionally be difficult because of close proximity to vital structures [14,15]. Other treatment modalities have been reported, such as marsupialisation, injection of sclerosing agents, steroids, diathermy and radiotherapy in unresectable cases, but they are generally ineffective and may lead to haemorrhage and infection [13].…”

Cystic lymphangioma of the breast in an 8-year-old boy: Report of a case with a review of the literature

“…system to connect with the venous system 1 or sequestration of small lymphatic tissue that fails to communicate with the main lymphatic system. 2,11 The other possible etiologic factors for their development include an obstruction of the lymphatic channels with secondary dilatation, congenital weakness of the lymphatic wall, and proliferation of the lymphatic vessels.5 An association with chromosomal abnormalities including Turner's syndrome, trisomies 21 and 18, and mosaic trisomy has been described. 1 Approximately 50% of such cases are identifi ed just after birth and more than 90% before the age of 2 years.…”

“…Only 30% of the reported cases of cystic lymphangioma have been diagnosed in adults. 1,11 There are different thoughts regarding the behavior of cystic lymphangioma. Some consider it just a developmental aberration in the lymphatic system of the breast and regard it as a hemartomatous lesion.…”

“…5,9,10 Cystic lymphangiomas show a predilection for the neck (75%) and axilla (20%), with the remaining 5% developing in rare locations such as the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, skeleton, kidney, colon, liver, spleen, intestines, pancreas, mesentery, groin, bladder, and scrotum. 5,11,19 Cystic lymphangioma of the breast is an extremely rare fi nding, and to the best of our knowledge only 13 cases have been reported in the English literature (Table 1). [1][2][3][4][5][6][8][9][10][11][12][13]15 To the best of our knowledge, three additional cases in the Korean literature 7,16,17 and one case in the Japanese literature have also been recorded, 14 thus making a total count of only 17 cases.…”

“…3 The breast is an extremely rare site for the occurrence of the cystic lymphangioma, and to the best of our knowledge only 17 such cases have been documented in the world literature. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Only four of these cases have been reported in children. 9,11,13,14 A complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice.…”