Cytogenetic response of 24-epibrassinolide on the root meristem cells of barley seeds under salinity

Abstract

Cytogenetic response of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) and different NaCl concentrations (0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 M, molar) on root meristem cells of barley were analysed. Plants grown on media containing 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 M NaCl showed a significant decrease of mitotic index and higher number of chromosomal abnormalities as compared to those of control conditions. Also, the mitotic index approximately 50% decreased in EBR-treated samples and chromosomal abnormalities almost tipled those of control. EBR pretreatment in higher concentrations of salt (0.40 M NaCl) caused total inhibition of mitotic activity in roottip cells. However, comparison of all concentrations of salt and control revealed to have a successful performance in ameliorating of the detrimental effects of salinity on chromosomal abnormalities.

Protective roles of exogenous polyamines on chromosomal aberrations in Hordeum vulgare exposed to salinity

“…The inhibitory effects of salt stress on mitotic activity are known for a long time (Katsuhara & Kawasaki 1996;Lutsenko et al 2005;Radić et al 2005). Salt induced-inhibition of cell division may relate to osmotic effect, inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis (Anuradha & Rao 2001) and mitosis (Tabur & Demir 2009. It is worth mentioning again that the relation between salinity and mitotic activity was confirmed by the present work.…”

“…Sodium chloride is one of the most common salts in nature and has toxic effects because of its high solubility. Salt adversely affects plant growth and development, hindering seed germination (Al-Karaki 2001;Dash & Panda 2001), seedling growth (Ashraf et al 2002), enzyme activity (Prakash & Prathapasenan 1988), DNA, RNA and protein synthesis (Tal 1977;Anuradha & Rao 2001) and mitosis (Tabur & Demir 2009. Hence, researchers have used various plant growth regulators to reduce or eradicate negative effects of salinity.…”

The Effects of <i>Aloe vera</i> L. Leaf Extract on Some Physiological and Cytogenetical Parameters in <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Seeds Germinated under Salt Stress

“…What s more, some growth regulators may particularly cause mitotic irregularities, cell distortions and chromosomal aberrations even without stress conditions (Ünal et al 2002, Tabur and Demir 2009, 2010a. Although numerous researchers in recent years declared that some commonly used plant extracts have significant mutagenic action (Palanikumar et al 2011, Fatemeh and Khosro 2012, Eren and Özata 2014, Kalpana et al 2014, Karaismailoğlu 2014, Siddiqui 2014, there are limited studies relating to the effects of AvLE on the mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations under normal conditions (İlbaş et al 2012, Alege andOjomah 2014).…”

“…The inhibitory effects of salt stress on mitotic activity have been known for a long time (Katsuhara and Kawasaki 1996, Lutsenko et al 2005, Radic et al 2005, Tabur and Demir 2009, 2010a. On the other hand, the detrimental effects of salt stress on chromosomal abnormalities have recently begun to be studied (Radic et al 2005, Tabur and Demir 2009, 2010a.…”

“…On the other hand, the detrimental effects of salt stress on chromosomal abnormalities have recently begun to be studied (Radic et al 2005, Tabur and Demir 2009, 2010a. According to some researchers, high salt concentration causes total inhibition of mitotic activity and chromosomal abnormalities in root-tip cells (Radic et al 2005, Tajbakhsh et al 2006.…”