The effects of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), kinetin (KIN), benzyladenine and ethylene (E) on mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations in root tips of barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. ''Bülbül 89'') germinated under salt stress were investigated. It was determined that all of these plant growth regulators (PGRs) decreased mitotic index in root tips of barley seeds germinated at 20°C and in distilled water. Furthermore, some of the PGRs studied increased significantly the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. The frequency of chromosomal aberrations in seeds treated with E and KIN was considerably higher than in the seeds germinated under nonstress conditions. The inhibitory effect of salt stress on mitotic index increased with increasing salt concentration (0.30, 0.35, 0.40 and 0.45 molal, m). GA 3 and KIN pretreatments showed a successful performance in ameliorating the negative effects of increasing salinity on mitotic activity. The number of chromosomal aberrations also increased with increasing NaCl concentration. However, most of the PGR pretreatments studied alleviated the detrimental effects of increasing salinity on chromosomal aberrations. KIN pretreatment at 0.30 and 0.35 m salinity could not rescued the cytogenetic activity of salt stress on this parameter.

Cytogenetic response of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) and different NaCl concentrations (0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 M, molar) on root meristem cells of barley were analysed. Plants grown on media containing 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 M NaCl showed a significant decrease of mitotic index and higher number of chromosomal abnormalities as compared to those of control conditions. Also, the mitotic index approximately 50% decreased in EBR-treated samples and chromosomal abnormalities almost tipled those of control. EBR pretreatment in higher concentrations of salt (0.40 M NaCl) caused total inhibition of mitotic activity in roottip cells. However, comparison of all concentrations of salt and control revealed to have a successful performance in ameliorating of the detrimental effects of salinity on chromosomal abnormalities.

The effects of exogenous polyamines (PAs): spermine (Spm), spermidine (Spd), cadaverine (Cad) and putrescine (Put) on mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations in root meristem cells of Hordeum vulgare L. (barley) seeds exposed to salinity were analyzed. The PAs significantly inhibited cell division in distilled water. Furthermore, most of these PAs (except for Spd) caused a significant increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations as compared to control group. Seeds treated with Put caused the highest percentage of mitotic abnormalities in total. The negative effect of salinity on mitotic index and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations increased with increasing salt concentration. PAs studied could not be successful in ameliorating of the negative effect of salinity on mitotic activity. Particularly, exposure to Cad and 0.40 M NaCl caused a complete block of cell division in total. However, most of the PA studied showed a perfectly performance in alleviating the detrimental effects of increasing salinity on chromosomal aberrations.

Günümüzde, pek çok sektörde kullanılan, perflorokarbonlar (PFC) yapısındaki flor halojenlerinden kaynaklı olarak insan sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyen ve çevreye toksik salınım yaptığı bilimsel olarak kanıtlanan organoflorin bileşiklerdir. Tekstil sektöründe de su iticilik özelliği, florokarbon içeren kimyasallar ile kazandırılmaktadır. Bunun yerine, çalışmada flor içermeyen kimyasallar ile su itici fonksiyonel özelliği kazandırılan kumaş numunelerine, TS EN ISO 4920 standardına göre su iticilik testi ve 5220 Chemıcal Oxygen Demand (COD)-C (KOI) atık su testi yapılmıştır. Flor içermeyen (flor free) atık yükü ile daha çevreci bir proses elde edilerek flor kaynaklı toksisite düşürülmüş, kullanılan flor esaslı kimyasalın kumaşa verdiği su iticilik etkisini karşılayan su itici polyester kumaşlar geliştirilmiştir.