Cytogenetic studies in four cultivated Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) species

Bonasora, Marisa Graciela; Poggio, Lidia; Greizerstein, Eduardo José

doi:10.3897/compcytogen.v7i1.4276

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is, however, interesting to speculate about possible physiological differences among species. A. dubius is a polyploid with the somatic chromosome number of 64, whereas A. hypochondriacus has 32 chromosomes, and A. cruentus and A. tricolor each has 34 chromosomes (Bonasora et al, 2013). A. dubius is amenable to multiple harvests and is widely grown in Zanzibar and other coastal areas of Tanzania (F.F.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield of Vegetable Amaranth in Diverse Tanzanian Production Environments

Dinssa¹,

Hanson²,

Ledesma

et al. 2019

hortte

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Amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) is an important leafy vegetable in Africa where most farmers grow unimproved landraces. Information about amaranth genetic diversity and its adaptation to different environments will help breeders develop improved commercial varieties that meet market requirements. The objectives of this study were to investigate the performances of amaranth entries for vegetable yield across locations and seasons, assess the relative contributions of genetic vs. environmental sources of variation to yield, and cluster locations into mega-environments (MEs) to suggest future test sites. Twenty-six diverse entries were evaluated for vegetable yields in replicated trials at five locations in wet-cool and hot-dry seasons in Tanzania. Season explained the highest proportion (52.1%) of the total sum of squares followed by entries (24.9%) and locations (23.0%). Mean yield across the hot-dry season trials (27.7 t·ha−1) was 47.3% greater than the mean yield across wet-cool season trials (18.8 t·ha−1). Differences among entries in vegetable yield were higher in the hot-dry season than in the wet-cool season, indicating that gain from selection is likely to be greater in the hot-dry season. Most entries performed well in either wet-cool or hot-dry season but a few entries were adapted to both seasons. Two MEs were identified, one characterized by lower altitudes, higher temperatures, and less fertile soils, and a second ME associated with higher altitudes, lower temperatures, and more fertile soils. Each ME may serve as an initial selection site for their respective target environment. Targeting a specific season may give a better chance of finding high-yielding varieties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield of Vegetable Amaranth in Diverse Tanzanian Production Environments

Dinssa¹,

Hanson²,

Ledesma

et al. 2019

hortte

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“…Some of the grain amaranth species, particularly A. cruentus L., A. hypochondriacus L., and A. caudatus L., are good candidates for plant breeding trials. These species are diploids with chromosome number 2n = 32, but occasionally it can be 34 (National Research Council, 1989;Chan et al, 1997;Bonasora et al, 2013). Greizerstein and Poggio (1992) proposed that some species with 2n = 32 are polyploids (basic number x = 8) and the chromosome number is n = 17.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of phenotypic and nutritional properties ofvaluable Amaranthus cruentus L. mutants

Hricová¹,

Fejér²,

Libiakova³

et al. 2016

Turk J Agric For

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IntroductionPlants, and particularly the horticulture section, are used by people for food, either as edible products or for culinary ingredients, and for medicinal use or ornamental and aesthetic purposes. They are genetically a very diverse group and play a major role in modern society end economy. Fruits and vegetables are important components of traditional food, but are also central to healthy diets of modern urban populations (

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“…Анализ кариотипов амаранта показал, что хромосомный набор большинства культурных видов является идентичным (2n = 32), за исключением A. cruentus L. (2n = 34) (Pal et al, 1982;Bonasora et al, 2013). Кариотипические исследования затруднительны из-за малого размера хромосом, что усложняет описание их морфологии.…”

Section: амарант -сложный объект для систематикиunclassified

Physiological, biochemical and genetic bases of amaranth (Amaranthus L.) breeding for food and feed purposes (a review)

Shcherban

2021

Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii

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The review gives an insight into amaranth, a very promising crop for the whole world. This crop has a long history dating back to the days of the Aztecs and Incas, for whom it was one of the most important crops, along with corn. However, unlike the latter, amaranth lost its nutritional value after being introduced into Europe. Only in the 20th century, largely thanks to Nikolai Vavilov, amaranth attracted great interest as a food and feed crop. Amaranth is a plant unique in its nutritional properties. It is characterized by a high content of protein saturated with essential amino acids, especially lysine, and a large number of bioactive compounds, such as vitamin C, amaranthine, rutin, carotenoids, etc. Of particular value is grain oil saturated with various lipid compounds: squalene, vitamin E, phytosterols, and fatty acids. These lipid compounds have a number of important properties from the point of view of functional nutrition: as natural antioxidants they bind free radicals, normalize lipid metabolism, and help to decrease blood cholesterol levels. The review focuses on genes that determine the content of the main, valuable biochemical components: squalene, vitamin C, and lysine. The genetic pathways that control the biosynthesis of these components have been studied in detail in various model plant objects. The presence of the complete genomic sequence of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. makes it possible to identify orthologs of key biosynthetic genes. At the moment, only few genes in amaranth have been identified, including the squalene synthase (SQS) gene, the VTC2 ascorbic acid synthesis gene, and the key genes for lysine synthesis – AK and DHDPS. The article discusses the prospects and trends of marker-assisted selection of this crop as well as the difficulties of its systematization and genotyping, which have to be overcome to successfully solve plant breeding problems.

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Cytogenetic studies in four cultivated Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) species

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Yield of Vegetable Amaranth in Diverse Tanzanian Production Environments

Yield of Vegetable Amaranth in Diverse Tanzanian Production Environments

Characterization of phenotypic and nutritional properties ofvaluable Amaranthus cruentus L. mutants

Physiological, biochemical and genetic bases of amaranth (Amaranthus L.) breeding for food and feed purposes (a review)

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