Cytogenetics of a reciprocal translocation integrating distichous pedicel and tendril-less leaf mutations inLathyrus sativusL.

Abstract

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a crop with 2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes. Two variants were isolated from 250 Gy gamma ray treated M 2 progenies of variety BioL-203: (i) two pedicels per peduncle (distichous pedicel); and (ii) complete absence of tendril in leaf (tendril-less). Occurrence of quadrivalents at meiosis I and partial pollen sterility (48.50%) indicated that the plants were heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation (RT), and were tentatively designated as RT-7. It transmitted at an average of 44% in the progeny, and along with normal fertile plants (N/N), produced trisomic plants (5.76%) with association of five chromosomes in selfed and intercrossed progenies. Test of independence of this newly found translocation was performed by analyzing the pattern of chromosomal ring formation at meiosis I in the F 1 progeny of crosses between RT-7 and six previously detected RT lines. Presence of a ring of six chromosomes in F 1 plants indicates that the two translocations have one chromosome in common in crosses between RT-7 and RT-2, RT-3, RT-5 and RT-6, but possessed two different chromosomes in RT-7 Â RT-1 and in RT-7 Â RT-4. The two mutant traits assorted independently in F 2 and back cross progenies of N/N plants. However, a strong deviation of segregation of four phenotypes derived from N/N Â RT-7 from normal F 2 and back cross ratios revealed tight linkages among translocation breakpoint, distichous pedicel and tendril-less leaf. The results suggested that the two mutations, distichous pedicel and tendril-less leaf, which assorted independently in N/N plants, were integrated on a single chromosome by a reciprocal translocation in RT-7 line.

Growth Responses and Leaf Antioxidant Metabolism of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Genotypes under Salinity Stress

“…The property of type II diabetes-related enzyme inhibition capacity in this crop has recently been revealed in raw and different processed forms of seeds [19,20]. In recent times, genetic improvement programs for desirable agronomic features particularly high yield and low antinutritional factors including neurotoxin ( -ODAP) have gained momentum in grass pea with development of robust mutation genetic and cytogenetic stocks [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. However, like many other pulses, grass pea faces diverse types of abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, metal, and weed-induced toxicity [30][31][32][33].…”

Multiple Associations of Chromosomes Due to Structural Heterozygosity in the Wild Plants of <i>Achillea millefolium </i>L. from Northwest Himalayas (India)

“…Partial homology resulted as a consequence of such exchanges between more than two nonhomologous chromosomes, leading to the pairing of non-homologous chromosomes in a diploid taxon, which is attributed either to the hybrid nature of the taxon or heterozygosity for reciprocal translocations (Singhal 1982). Since the first report of reciprocal translocations in the Stizolobium deeringianum by Belling (1914), their occurrence and consequences have been reported in a number of plants by various workers (Gohil and Koul 1978, Singhal and Gill 1981, Sharma and Gohil 2003, 2008, Talukdar 2008, 2010, 2013, Gupta et al 2010, Kohli and Gohil 2011, Rana et al 2012, Kumar and Singhal 2013. Here, we report the existence of structural heterozygosity due to reciprocal translocations in the species for the first time.…”

Development and characterization of penta-flowering and triple-flowering genotypes in garden pea (Pisum sativum L. var. hortense)

“…Multi-flowering racemes, alternatively referred to as many-flowered raceme or multi-podded phenotype, have been reported in related species such as Pisum elatius , bearing 2–3 flowers per peduncle [ 17 ], and Pisum arvense , bearing three or more flowers per peduncle [ 18 ]. A close relation between pea and other Fabeae species, exhibiting a wide range of variation in the number of flowers per node, may have different mechanisms for the regulation of flower numbers per peduncle [ 19 , 20 ]. In India, VRP–500 (INGR15009) was the first multi-flowering genetic stock reported to have three flowers per peduncle at multiple flowering racemes [ 21 ].…”